基于成本和区域优势视角的光伏多晶硅产业发展格局  

The Development Pattern of Photovoltaic Polysilicon Industry Based on the Perspective of Cost and Regional Advantages

作　　者：陈敏[1] 陈辉 常欣 严大洲[1] 万烨[1,2] CHEN Min;CHEN Hui;CHANG Xin;YAN Dazhou;WAN Ye

机构地区：[1]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038 [2]洛阳中硅高科技有限公司,河南洛阳417023

出　　处：《绿色矿冶》2023年第1期53-64,共12页Sustainable Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：光伏发电因具有清洁、安全、资源丰富等优点,正逐渐占据世界能源格局的重要席位,未来将成为世界能源供应的“主力军”之一。随着光伏产业链上、下游的迅猛发展,作为基础原材料的多晶硅价格持续高涨,导致多晶硅产业投资热度不断高涨。本文介绍目前光伏多晶硅产业的发展现状、未来趋势,分析对比目前国内外多晶硅生产采用的主要技术路线三氯氢硅法和硅烷法,剖析三氯氢硅法的能耗及成本构成,基于成本和区域优势的视角,对光伏多晶硅产业发展格局提出合理的研判和建议。多晶硅的生产成本主要受电耗和金属硅粉价格影响较大,未来多晶硅产业将向能源禀赋且硅矿产资源丰富的西部地区转移。Photovoltaic power generation is gradually occupying an important seat in the world energy landscape due to its advantages of cleanliness,safety and abundant resources,and will become one of the‘main forces’of world energy supply in the future.With the rapid development of the upstream and downstream of the photovoltaic industry chain,the price of polycrystalline silicon as the basic raw material continues to rise,resulting in a rising investment heat in the polycrystalline silicon industry.This paper introduced the current development status and future trend of photovoltaic polysilicon industry,analyzed the main technical route adopted by polysilicon production at home and abroad,trichlorosilane method and silane method,and analyzed the energy consumption and cost composition of trichlorosilane method.Based on the perspective of cost and regional advantages,this paper put forward reasonable judgments and suggestions for the development pattern of photovoltaic polysilicon industry.The production cost of polycrystalline silicon is mainly affected by power consumption and the price of metal silicon powder.In the future,the polycrystalline silicon industry will be transferred to the western region with energy endowment and rich silicon mineral resources.

关 键 词：多晶硅 改良西门子法 硅烷法 成本控制 能耗 区域优势 产业转移 

分 类 号：TQ127.2[化学工程—无机化工]