苜蓿草粉对育肥猪胴体性状、肉品质以及肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸的影响  

Effects of alfalfa grass powder on carcass traits,meat quality,amino acids and fatty acids in the muscles of fattening pigs

作　　者：蒋恒 王昊然 王怀树 刘斌 马宇莎 王娇 高凤芹[1] JIANG Heng;WANG Haoran;WANG Huaishu;LIU Bin;MA Yusha;GAO Fengqin;无(Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS,Huhhot 010010,China;Hangjinqi Lumei Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Co.Ltd,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017400;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry,Huhhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Huhhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;College of Grassland Science,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]杭锦旗绿美农牧业开发有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017400 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [4]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [5]青岛农业大学,草业学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第4期57-62,共6页China Feed

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“内蒙河套地区盐碱地苜蓿加工调制技术集成与示范(201802082)”;内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“苜蓿和秸秆资源高效利用关键技术研究与应用(2021GG0391)”;内蒙古自治区科技重大专项“节粮型生猪养殖与高品质猪肉生产关键技术研究与示范”(无编号);主席专项基金项目“呼和浩特优质牧草技术攻关项目(20201219284022256)”。

摘　　要：文章旨在探讨添加不同比例苜蓿草粉对育肥后期杜×长×大三元杂交猪胴体性状、肉品质、肌肉常规营养成分、脂肪酸和氨基酸含量的影响。试验选取健康、体重(75.5±1.03)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪120头(公母各半),随机分为4组。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在日粮中添加5%、10%、15%的苜蓿草粉。预试期7d,正式期120d。结果表明,(1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组板油重显著提高(P <0.05),试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组pH24h、熟肉率和背膘厚显著降低(P <0.05),体直长显著提高(P <0.05);试验Ⅲ组系水力显著提高(P <0.05)。(2)随着苜蓿草粉添加量的提高,肌肉中水分逐渐提高,同时脂肪含量逐渐降低。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肌肉蛋白质含量显著提高(P <0.05)。(3)肌肉脂肪酸组成中油酸、硬脂酸和棕榈酸含量最高。与对照组相比,各试验组总脂肪酸含量显著提高,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组SFA(饱和脂肪酸)显著降低(P <0.05),MUFA(单不饱和脂肪酸)、UFA(不饱和脂肪酸)显著提高(P <0.05)。PUFA(多不饱和脂肪酸)随着苜蓿草粉的添加呈下降趋势。(4)试验Ⅱ组可以显著提高脯氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸含量(P <0.05)。说明添加5%、10%苜蓿草粉可以显著提高不饱和脂肪酸含量。添加10%苜蓿草粉可以显著提高鲜味氨基酸含量。In order to explore the effects of adding different proportions of alfalfa meal on carcass traits,meat quality,conventional muscle nutrients,fatty acid and amino acid content of Du×Chang×Big ternary hybrid pigs in the late fattening stage.In the experiment,120 Du × Chang × Da ternary hybrid pigs(half male and half female)with a body weight of(75.5±1.03)kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups. The control group was fed the basal diet,and the experimental groups I,II and III were supplemented with 5%,10% and 15% alfalfa meal respectively. The pre-trial period is 7 days,and the formal period is 120 days. The results showed :(1)Compared with the control group,the weight of suet in test group I was significantly increased(P < 0.05),while the pH24 h,cooked meat rate and backfat thickness in test groups II and III were significantly decreased(P< 0.05),and the body straightness was significantly decreased(P < 0.05). Length was significantly increased(P < 0.05);the hydraulic pressure of test group III was significantly increased(P < 0.05).(2)With the increase of the amount of alfalfa powder added,the water in the muscle gradually increased,while the fat content gradually decreased. Compared with the control group,the muscle protein content in test groups II and III was significantly increased(P < 0.05).(3)The fatty acid composition of muscle has the highest content of oleic acid,stearic acid and palmitic acid. Compared with the control group,the total fatty acid content in each test group was significantly increased,the SFA(saturated fatty acid)in test groups I and II was significantly decreased(P < 0.05),and the MUFA(monounsaturated fatty acid)and UFA(unsaturated fatty acid)were significantly increased(P < 0.05).. PUFAs(polyunsaturated fatty acids)decreased with the addition of alfalfa meal.(4)The contents of proline,arginine,glycine and alanine were significantly increased in test group II(P < 0.05). It shows that adding 5% and 10%alfalfa powder can significantly increase the content of unsaturated fatt

关 键 词：育肥猪 胴体品质 肉品质 脂肪酸 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]