三峡库区生态系统服务对农户生计贡献率测算及影响分析  

Calculation and Analysis of the Contribution Rate of Ecosystem Services to Farmers′ Livelihoods in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：陈茂林 官冬杰[1] 孙灵丽 周李磊 CHEN Maolin;GUAN Dongjie;SUN Lingli;ZHOU Lilei(School of Smart City,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学智慧城市学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学土木工程学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2023年第1期397-407,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部人文社科一般项目(20YJA790016);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42171298)。

摘　　要：为了实现农户生计可持续发展,量化生态系统服务对农户生计贡献率,以三峡库区为例,采用当量因子法评估该区域生态系统服务价值;把脆弱性生计资本纳入农户生计资本考察范围,从人力、自然、物质、金融、社会、脆弱性6个方面构建三峡库区农户生计评价体系,测算农户生计资本总量。对二者关系进行多项式线性拟合,剖析了生态系统服务价值的变化对农户生计的影响及农户生计资本量的变化对生态系统服务的影响,再对比分析国内外有关生态系统服务对农户生计影响结果研究。结果表明:(1)三峡库区2019年生态系统服务总价值为2 093.65亿元,其中调节服务提供的经济价值最高,文化服务价值最低,且各区县中巴东县生态系统服务价值最高;(2)三峡库区农户生计资本总量为13.117,其中农户金融资本量最多,自然资本量最少,且江津区的农户生计资本总量最多;(3)三峡库区农户资本与生态系统服务具有显著相关性,随着生态系统提供的经济价值越高,农户人力资本、自然资本和金融资本呈现先上升再下降的变化趋势,农户社会资本具有先下降后上升的变化趋势。不断引领农户关注和参与库区生态建设,实行农业生态循环发展,有助于提高三峡库区生态系统服务对农户生计贡献。In order to achieve sustainable development of farmers′ livelihoods, quantifying the contribution rate of ecosystem services to farmers′ livelihoods is necessary. The value of ecosystem services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area assessed using the equivalent factor methodthe livelihood capital of vulnerability incorporated into the scope of farm household livelihood capital, and the livelihood evaluation system of farm households in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area constructed from six aspects: human, natural, physical, financial, social, and vulnerability, and the total livelihood capital of farm households measured. Linear fitting of the relationship between farmers′ livelihoods and ecosystem services to analyze the impact of changes in the value of ecosystem services on farmers′ livelihoods and the impact of changes in the amount of farmers′ livelihood capital on ecosystem services, and then the results of domestic and foreign studies on the impact of ecosystem services on farmers′ livelihoods. The results show that:(1) the total value of ecosystem services in 2019 of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area 209.365 billion yuan, among which the economic value provided by regulating services the highest and the value of cultural services the lowest, and the value of ecosystem services in Badong County the highest among all districts and counties;(2) the total amount of farm household livelihood capital in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is 13.117, among which the amount of farm household financial capital the highest and the amount of natural capital the lowest, and the total amount of farm household livelihood capital in Jiangjin District the highest;(3) the household capital and ecosystem services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area significant correlation, with the higher economic value provided by the ecosystem, farm household human capital, natural capital and financial capital show a change trend of rising and then falling, and farm household social capital a change trend of falling and then rising. Co

关 键 词：生态系统服务 农户生计 贡献率 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]