圆紫菜壳孢子萌发体和叶状体的耐高温性观察  

Observation of high-temperature resistance of the conchospore germlings and blade in Pyropia suborbiculata

作　　者：石佩峰 丁洪昌 严兴洪[1,2] SHI Peifeng;DING Hongchang;YAN Xinghong(Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2023年第1期60-67,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2020YFD0900802)。

摘　　要：圆紫菜(Pyropia suborbiculata)被认为具有较强的耐高温性,但是否优于坛紫菜(Pyropia haitanensis)仍是未知。研究分别将圆紫菜野生品系(PS-WT)和坛紫菜栽培品系(PH-WT10)的壳孢子萌发体和叶状体置于23℃(常温)和30℃(高温)下培养,结果发现:培养14 d后,在23℃组中,PS-WT和PH-WT10的壳孢子萌发体的存活率和假根发生率均超过99%,两者差异不显著;但在30℃组中,PS-WT的存活率和假根发生率分别为32.9%和99.3%,PH-WT10的存活率和假根发生率仅为16.8%和49.3%,两者差异极显著。此外,在30℃组中,含9个以上细胞的壳孢子萌发体的百分率,PS-WT和PH-WT10分别为86.1%和1.0%,两者差异极显著。将在23℃下培养30 d的叶状体再置于30℃下培养10 d,PS-WT的叶状体除生长减慢,细胞颜色变红外,其他均无异常,未出现死亡细胞,而PH-WT10的叶状体生长显著变慢,细胞颜色变淡,色素体由星状变成弥散状,出现较多的死亡细胞。另外,与实验开始时的初始值相比,经30℃培养10 d的叶状体的最大光量子产量(F_(v)/F_(m)),PS-WT增加了1.8%,而PH-WT10却下降了34.5%。上述结果初步证实,圆紫菜野生品系(PS-WT)的壳孢子萌发体和叶状体的耐高温性均明显优于坛紫菜栽培品系(PH-WT10)。Pyropia suborbiculata has strong high-temperature resistance,but whether it is better than the Pyropia haitanensis remains unknown.In this study,the conchospore germlings and blades of the wild strain of P.suborbiculata(PS-WT)and the cultivated strain of P.haitanensis(PH-WT10)were cultured at 23℃(normal temperature)and 30℃(high temperature),respectively.The results showed that:after 14 days of culture at 23℃,the rates of survival and rhizoid germination of conchospore germlings in PS-WT and PH-WT10 were all over 99%,and there was no significant difference between them;At 30℃,the rates of survival and rhizoid germination of conchospore germlings were 32.9%and 99.3%in PS-WT,the rates of survival and rhizoid germination of conchospore germlings were only 16.8%and 49.3%in PH-WT10.In addition,the percentages of conchospore germlings with more than 9 cells of PS-WT and PH-WT10 were 86.1%and 1.0%at 30℃,respectively.When the blades were firstly cultured at 23℃for 30 days,and then cultured at 30℃for another 10 days,the blades of PS-WT showed no abnormalities except slower growth and cell color turning red,and no dead cells appeared,while the blades of PH-WT10 showed significantly slower growth,lighter cell color,the chromatophore changed from stellate to diffuse,and more dead cells appeared.In addition,compared with the initial value at the beginning of the experiment,the maximum photon yield(F_(v)/F_(m))of the blades cultured at 30℃for 10 days was increased by 1.8%in PS-WT,but decreased by 34.5%in PH-WT10.The above results preliminarily confirmed that the high-temperature resistance of the conchospore germlings and blades of the wild strain of P.suborbiculata(PS-WT)was significantly better than that of the cultivated strain of P.haitanensis(PH-WT10).

关 键 词：圆紫菜 坛紫菜 壳孢子萌发体 叶状体 耐高温性 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]