采后不同时间包装对西兰花贮藏品质的影响  

Effects of Different Packing Time after Harvest on Storage Quality of Broccoli

作　　者：陈颖 孙玉芃 郭衍银[1] 朱继英[1] 张玉笑 马阳历 张海娟 CHEN Ying;SUN Yupeng;GUO Yanyin;ZHU Jiying;ZHANG Yuxiao;MA Yangli;ZHANG Haijuan(School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 250049,China;Zibo City Digital Agriculture and Rural Development Center,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博250049 [2]淄博市数字农业农村发展中心,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《中国果菜》2023年第2期30-36,共7页China Fruit & Vegetable

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2022MC091)。

摘　　要：果蔬包装操作一般在采后运输至配送中心进行,目前研究热点多集中在包装材料的筛选和创新上,而采后立即包装是否更利于果蔬保鲜,尚缺乏系统研究。本文以聚乙烯膜为包装材料,设置采后立即包装、采后12 h包装和不包装3组,探索在(10±1)℃贮藏环境下不同时间包装对西兰花品质和生理生化相关指标的影响。结果表明,与采后12 h包装相比,采后立即包装能够延缓西兰花的失重和硫代葡萄糖苷、抗坏血酸含量的下降,降低超氧阴离子含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性,促进过氧化氢含量和过氧化氢酶活性在贮藏后期的上升,抑制相对电导率上升和丙二醛含量积累。采后立即包装和采后12 h包装均能提高贮藏前期肉桂酸4-羟基化酶和4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶活性,说明薄膜包装在一定程度上提高了西兰花的抗性反应。由此可见,采后包装能延缓西兰花的黄化和腐烂,且采后立即包装的西兰花品质较好,为西兰花采后包装适宜时间的选择提供了理论依据。The packaging is a crucial link in the fruit and vegetable industry, and current research focuses on the selection and innovation of packaging materials. However, whether immediate postharvest packaging is more conducive to the fruits and vegetables preservation has not been systematically studied. In this paper, polyethylene was applied as packaging material to explore the effects of different packaging times on the quality and physiological and biochemical related indexes of broccoli stored at(10 ± 1) ℃. The experiment was performed in three groups including immediate postharvest packaging, 12 h postharvest packaging and no packaging. The results showed that,compared with 12 h postharvest packaging, immediate postharvest packaging could delay the weight loss of broccoli heads, decrease of glucosinolate and ascorbic acid content, reduce O2-·content and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity, promote the increase of H2O2content and catalase(CAT) activity, and inhibite the increase of relative conductivity and the accumulation of malondialdehyde content. Both immediate postharvest packaging and 12 h postharvest packaging could increase the activities of cinnamate 4-hydroxylase(C4H) and 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase(4CL) in the early storage period, indicating that film packaging improved the resistance response of broccoli to a certain extent. Postharvest packaging delayed the yellowing and decay compared with unpacked broccoli. Furthermore, the quality of immediate postharvest packaging was maintained well, which provided a theoretical basis for the storage and preservation of broccoli heads after harvest.

关 键 词：西兰花 切割采收 包装 贮藏 抗性 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]