潦河中源段水生条背萤生境适宜性评价  

Habitat Suitability Assessment of the Firefly in Zhongyuan Township of Liaohe River

作　　者：张洁[1] 王凯 张翼 严如玉 杨军飞 刘星辰 计勇[1] ZHANG Jie;WANG Kai;ZHANG Yi(College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330099)

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院水利与生态工程学院,江西南昌330099

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第3期52-56,61,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省教育厅项目(GJJ180927);国家自然基金项目(51769015);江西省研究生创新基金项目(YC2020-S628,YC2020-S631)。

摘　　要：水生条背萤是河湖湿地生态系统中珍稀物种之一,了解栖息地分布及其与环境因子的关系并进行生境适宜性评价是恢复生物多样性和栖息地保护的重要途径。根据2019年6—7月对江西潦河流域的萤火虫野外调查记录,以条背萤成虫个体分布点和生境变量数据为驱动,建立MaxEnt模型对潦河中源段水生条背萤精细尺度生境适宜性进行分析评价。研究发现:土地利用类型、水源距离、居民区距离是条背萤适宜生境分布的主要限制因素;适宜的土地利用类型为溪流、河滩湿地、水田,且与稳定水源距离应保持在0~110 m、与居民区距离应大于140 m、与道路距离大于50 m为适宜;潦河中源段河岸带条背萤适宜栖息地面积为1.93 km^(2),约占河岸带研究区域的16%,其中最适宜区面积仅为0.17 km^(2),沿河流呈“一带多岛”的分布格局。研究不仅提供了萤火虫在潦河中源段的分布现状,也为萤火虫分布与生境因子的关系提供了一个重要科学依据。As one of the indicators for the wetland ecosystem,firefly habitat distribution and suitability evaluation could be used for biodiversity and habitat protection.Based on the field survey records of fireflies in Liaohe River Basin in Jiangxi Province from June to July,2019,the MaxEnt model was then established to analyze and evaluate the habitat suitability.The results indicated that land use type,water source distance and residential area distance were the main limiting factors of the suitable habitat distribution.The suitable land use types are stream,river beach wetland and paddy field by which should be kept in 0-110 m distance from stable water source,greater than 140 m distance from residential area and 50 m distance from road.The total suitable habitat area in Zhongyuan township of Liaohe River was 1.93 km^(2) in where the most suitable area was only 0.17 km^(2) and the distribution pattern of“one belt and many islands”was presented along the river.This study not only provides the distribution status of fireflies in Zhongyuan township of Liaohe River,but also provides an important scientific basis for the relationship between the distribution of fireflies and habitat factors.

关 键 词：水生条背萤 生境适宜性 最大熵模型 GIS地理信息系统 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]