脑出血后小胶质细胞调控凋亡神经元吞噬作用的研究进展  

Research progress of microglia regulating phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons after intracerebral hemorrhage

作　　者：孟金城 张冲 金思楠 华威[1] 吴鹤[1] Meng Jincheng;Zhang Chong;Jin Sinan;Hua Wei;Wu He(Department of Pathology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150007,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院病理科,哈尔滨150007

出　　处：《中华神经科杂志》2023年第2期198-203,共6页Chinese Journal of Neurology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81671142)。

摘　　要：脑出血是指自发性非创伤性的脑实质内血管破裂引起的出血,具有高致残率和病死率。脑出血后产生的一系列损伤会导致神经元凋亡,如凋亡的神经元得不到及时清除,细胞内毒性物质会释放,从而进一步加重炎性反应。因此,凋亡细胞的及时清除对脑出血后大脑的稳态具有重要意义。同时凋亡神经元表面会出现大量的吞噬“吃我”信号磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)。小胶质细胞作为大脑常驻巨噬细胞,其表面存在多种PS受体,促进了小胶质细胞对凋亡神经元的吞噬作用,并减少了局部炎性反应的发生。Intracerebral hemorrhage is the bleeding caused by spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of blood vessels in brain parenchyma.It has high disability rate and mortality.A series of injuries after intracerebral hemorrhage will lead to neuronal apoptosis.If apoptotic neurons are not cleared in time,intracellular toxic substances will be released,thereby further aggravating the inflammatory reaction.Therefore,the timely clearance of apoptotic cells is of great significance to the brain homeostasis after intracerebral hemorrhage.At the same time,a large number of phagocytic"eat me"signal phosphatidylserine(PS)will appear on the surface of apoptotic neurons.Microglia,as resident macrophages in the brain,have a variety of PS receptors on their surface,which promote the phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons by microglia and reduce the occurrence of local inflammatory responses.

关 键 词：脑出血 吞噬作用 细胞凋亡 磷脂酰丝氨酸 小胶质细胞 

分 类 号：R743.34[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]