机场需求响应式应急救援车辆调度优化  

Airport demand-responsive emergency rescue vehicle dispatching optimization

作　　者：周和平[1] 文若兰 徐雨洁 向梓源 张兆磊 ZHOU He-ping;WEN Ruo-lan;XU Yu-jie;XIANG Zi-yuan;ZHANG Zhao-lei(School of Civil Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,长沙410114

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第1期170-177,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178061);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2019JJ40311)。

摘　　要：为快速应援受损机场接驳车辆,提出机场接驳车辆受损情况下应急救援服务决策模型和算法。以最小化车辆运行成本为目标函数,建立接驳车辆预排班模型。在此基础上,明确一般需求响应式接驳与受损情况下应急救援机场接驳之间的联系,以最小化运行时间和救援等待时间为目标建立应急救援模型,该模型通过设置救援等待约束和虚拟车场发车时间约束提升救援可靠性;运用列生成算法求解应急救援模型,采用优化求解器与混合编程获得精确解;最后以无锡市苏南国际硕放机场和无锡市部分地区为例,随机选取2个时间点为接驳车辆受损时刻,验证了模型与算法的有效性。In order to quickly respond to disabled airport feeder vehicles,the emergency rescue service decision model and algorithm in the disabled airport feeder vehicles are proposed.Frist,the established pre-scheduling model takes minimizing the vehicle running time as the objective function,and considers four sets of constraints including general vehicle path constraints,capacity constraints,time window constraints,and detour constraints.The model inputs include locations related to connection points,the number of people,the expected time window of arrival at the airport,and the vehicle capacity.Based on the pre-scheduling plan,the objective function of the emergency rescue model is set to minimize the sum of vehicle running time and rescue waiting time.Through specific parameters,the pre-scheduling plan is used as the input emergency rescue model.Additional constraints on waiting for rescue and departure time on virtual parking lots have been set up to ensure the effectiveness of emergency rescue.The column generation algorithm is used to decompose the original model into a main problem and multiple sub-problems.The main problem is the generalized assignment of unconnected passengers,and the sub-problems are vehicle routing problems depend on vehicles.In the process of continuously passing“columns”between the main and sub-problems,the dynamic addition of solutions in the model is realized and obtain the optimal and accurate solution.Finally,taking the Sunan International Shuofang Airport in Wuxi City as an example,with random disturbance moments and disturbed vehicles as emergencies.The solver is used to solve the pre-scheduling model,and the pre-scheduling vehicle scheduling plan is obtained within one minute,including the number of vehicles,connection sequence and connection time.In the same environment,the column generation algorithm is used to solve the emergency rescue model and obtain the emergency rescue scheduling plan,the effectiveness of the model and algorithm were verified.

关 键 词：公共安全 车辆路径问题 应急救援 列生成算法 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]