基于广义Burgers方程的声爆传播特性大气湍流影响  

Atmospheric turbulence effects on sonic boom propagation based on augmented Burgers equation

作　　者：王迪 冷岩 杨龙 韩忠华[1] 钱战森[2,3] WANG Di;LENG Yan;YANG Long;HAN Zhonghua;QIAN Zhansen(National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerodynamic Design and Research,School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Key Laboratory of Hypersonic Aerodynamic Force and Heat Technology,AVIC Aerodynamics Research Institute,Shenyang 110034,China;Aeronautical Science and Technology Key Lab for High Speed and High Reynolds Number Aerodynamic Force Research,AVIC Aerodynamics Research Institute,Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航空学院翼型、叶栅空气动力学国家级重点实验室,西安710072 [2]中国航空工业空气动力研究院高超声速气动力/热技术重点实验室,沈阳110034 [3]中国航空工业空气动力研究院高速高雷诺数气动力航空科技重点实验室,沈阳110034

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第2期65-77,共13页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11672280)。

摘　　要：声爆是发展超声速民机不可回避的关键问题之一。目前流行的声爆预测技术主要针对静止大气,对大气中的湍流扰动效应考虑不足,尚未建立高效高逼真度的预测方法。基于广义Burgers方程的远场声爆预测方法,通过与射线法相结合,建立了一套可考虑热黏性吸收、分子弛豫等物理效应的大气湍流声爆影响快速预测方法,并采用该方法开展了大气湍流强度和大气边界层厚度对典型远程超声速民机的声爆特性影响规律研究。计算结果表明:建立的预测方法能够合理表征热黏性吸收、分子弛豫等大气物理效应,相比前期基于波形参数法框架的预测方法,能够更加真实地反映大气湍流对声爆传播特性的影响;相比于前期的典型超声速公务机,采用的远程超声速民机声爆波形更加复杂,该预测方法仍能给出复杂波系的大气湍流影响规律;随着湍流强度和边界层厚度的增加,大气湍流效应对声爆特性产生的随机性影响呈增强趋势;同时,声爆在地面到达点的位置也呈现出更加分散的趋势,其可能会改变声爆毯对地面的影响范围,应在飞行轨迹规划中予以考虑。Sonic boom is one of the key problems in the supersonic civil aircraft development.The current popular sonic boom prediction technology mainly functions for the static atmosphere,with little consideration of the dynamic effects such as atmospheric turbulence disturbance,resulting in a lack of efficient and high-fidelity prediction method.This paper establishes a set of rapid sonic boom prediction methods considering the physical effects of thermoviscous absorption and molecular relaxation,based on a far-field sonic boom prediction by solving the augmented Burgers equation and combining the ray tracing method.This method is then used to study the influence of atmospheric turbulence intensity and atmospheric turbulence boundary layer height on the sonic boom signatures of a typical long-range supersonic civil aircraft.The results show that the proposed prediction method can reasonably characterize the thermoviscous absorption and molecular relaxation.Compared with the previous prediction method,it can truly describe the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the propagation characteristics of sonic boom.Despite the higher complexity of the sonic boom waveform of the example used in this article than that of the previous typical supersonic business jets,this prediction method can still explain the influence of atmospheric turbulence in the complex wave system.As the turbulence intensity and the boundary layer height increase,the random influence of atmospheric turbulence on the characteristics of the sonic boom increases.Meanwhile,the location of the sonic boom arrival points also shows a more scattered trend,which may change the impact range of the sonic boom on the ground.Therefore,the turbulence intensity and turbulence boundary layer height should be considered in flight trajectory planning.

关 键 词：超声速民机 均匀各向同性大气湍流 广义BURGERS方程 声爆预测 湍流强度 大气边界层 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]