皱纹盘鲍稚鲍对海水酸化与溴氰菊酯复合胁迫的响应  

Response of juvenile abalone of Haliotis discus hannai to the combined stress of ocean acidification and deltamethrin

作　　者：邓钦有 杨顶珑[1,2,3,4] 何金霞 刘相全[3] 陈丽竹 DENG Qinyou;YANG Dinglong;HE Jinxia;LIU Xiangquan;CHEN Lizhu(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology,Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute,Yantai 264006,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006 [4]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,海岸带生物资源高效利用研究与发展中心,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第11期2097-2106,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程(2017LZGC009);国家自然科学基金(41806196);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QD097)。

摘　　要：为探究海水酸化与溴氰菊酯(DM)复合暴露对皱纹盘鲍稚鲍的毒性效应,采用3个pH值(8.1、7.7和7.4)和3个溴氰菊酯浓度(0、0.6和6.0μg/L)对稚鲍进行复合胁迫,并对贝壳微观结构与硬度、组织中抗氧化酶活性以及应激、凋亡相关基因表达量进行了检测。结果显示,经过海水酸化与溴氰菊酯复合暴露31 d后稚鲍贝壳CaCO_(3)晶体沉积困难,文石板片变小并形成分散的板层堆叠,文石板片之间孔隙增大,并且伴随着贝壳硬度的显著降低。同时,海水酸化与溴氰菊酯能够引起稚鲍组织抗氧化酶活性的改变,其中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随着pCO_(2)与溴氰菊酯浓度的上升而持续降低,并且在海水酸化与溴氰菊酯复合暴露下稚鲍SOD活性明显低于单一暴露物,说明海水酸化与溴氰菊酯对稚鲍SOD活性的影响具有明显交互作用。在相同pH暴露下,溴氰菊酯能够使稚鲍过氧化氢酶(CAT)与谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)活性显著上升。此外,实验还观察到了稚鲍组织中应激基因与凋亡相关基因表达量随着pCO_(2)与溴氰菊酯浓度的上升均有提高,并且海水酸化与溴氰菊酯暴露在HSP70、HSP90、Caspase-3以及FADD等基因表达量上具有明显协同作用。研究表明,海水酸化与溴氰菊酯暴露能够对稚鲍产生明显毒害效应,并且在引起稚鲍组织氧化应激与细胞凋亡的反应中具有一定交互作用。Since the industrial revolution, the concentration of CO_(2)in the atmosphere has been rising due to the heavy use of fossil fuel and deforestation. As the oceans and atmosphere exchange gases, the pH of seawater decreases. According to the IPCC, if CO_(2)emissions are not effectively reduced, the global surface seawater pH will fall to 7.7 by the 21st century and 7.4 by 2300. Acidification is a growing concern because of the damage it can cause to marine life. In addition, ocean acidification often does not occur in isolation, but often acts on marine life in concert with other stressors. Deltamethrin is one of the most widely used pyrethroid insecticides in the world because of its high activity and photostability to pests. Pyrethroid pesticides have little potential to pollute the environment, but they can enter organisms through the food chain and produce toxicity to aquatic organisms. Previously, pyrethroid residues of 6.36μg/L and 16.2μg/L were detected in coastal areas of Fujian and Zhejiang,respectively. At present, studies on deltamethrin toxicity to aquatic organisms mainly focus on acute and subacute toxicity tests of fish and shrimp, but few studies on shellfish. In order to investigate the toxic effects of seawater acidification and deltamethrin(DM) combined exposure on juvenile of Haliotis discus hannai, three pH values(pH8.1, pH 7.7 and pH 7.4) and three deltamethrin concentrations(0, 0.6 and 6.0 μg/L) were used to stress juvenile of H. discus hannai. The microstructures and hardness of the shlls, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression levels of genes related to stress and apoptosis in the tissues of juvenile of H. discus hannai were detected. The results showed that after the combined exposure of seawater acidification and deltamethrin for 31 days,the CaCO_(3) crystal deposition of juvenile abalone shells was difficult, the aragonite became smaller and formed scattered lamellar stacking, the pores between the aragonite increased, and the hardness of the shells decreased signific

关 键 词：皱纹盘鲍稚鲍 贝壳硬度 酸化 溴氰菊酯 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S966.2[农业科学—水产养殖]