不同碳水化合物水平对大口黑鲈鳃组织结构、抗氧化能力和免疫能力的影响  

Effects of different carbohydrate levels on gill tissue structure, antioxidant capacity and immunity of Micropterus salmoides

作　　者：赵柳兰[1] 唐小鸿 廖磊 梁吉 张冬梅 颜浩骁 熊陈 杨淞[1] ZHAO Liulan;TANG Xiaohong;LIAO Lei;LIANG Ji;ZHANG Dongmei;YAN Haoxiao;XIONG Chen;YANG Song(College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第11期2158-2167,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31802267);四川农业大学双支计划(035-2021993221)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同碳水化合物水平对大口黑鲈鳃组织结构的完整性、抗氧化能力和免疫能力的影响,设计3种不同碳水化合物水平的等氮等脂饲料,即7%(L组)、12%(M组)和17%(H组)。实验选取初始体质量为(4.0±0.2) g的大口黑鲈360尾,饲喂8周,通过组织切片的观察,抗氧化酶和免疫酶活性的测定及相关mRNA的表达研究,分析碳水化合物对鳃的影响。结果发现,H组能够导致鳃小片基部细胞增生、融合,上皮细胞脱落;H组和M组的丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于L组;鳃组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(CAT)在H组和M组显著低于L组;H组和M组抗氧化酶(CAT、GPX、SOD1、SOD2、SOD3a和SOD3b) mRNA水平也要显著低于L组;H组和M组酸性磷酸酶(AKP),碱性磷酸酶(ACP)和溶菌酶(LZM)也要显著低于L组;H组和M组免疫相关基因(IL-1β、IL-10、IL-15、TNF-α和TGF-1β)和抗菌肽(hepcidin-1和hepcidin-2)mRNA水平显著低于L组mRNA水平;H组凋亡相关的基因(caspase-3、caspase-8、caspase-9)的mRNA水平显著高于L组和M组;H组的occluding和claudin-7 mRNA水平显著低于L组和M组。研究表明,在本实验条件下,饲喂高碳水化合物饲料会损伤大口黑鲈鳃组织结构,降低抗氧化能力和免疫能力。In order to explore the effects of different carbohydrates levels on gill tissue structure, antioxidant capacity and immunity of the gill tissue of Micropterus salmoides, three kinds of isonitrogen and lipid feeds with different carbohydrate levels were designed: 7%(L group), 12%(M group), 17%(H group). 360 fish were selected and fed for 8 weeks with an initial weight of(4.0±0.2) g. Through the study of tissue sections, anti-oxidation enzyme and immunoenzyme activity determination, and related mRNA expression, the effect of dietary carbohydrate on gills were analyzed, the results showed that diet in 17% carbohydrate feed can cause the proliferation and fusion of the base cells of the gill lamella, and the shedding of epithelial cells;the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in the 17% carbohydrate feed and 12% carbohydrate feed was significantly higher than that of 7% carbohydrate feed;the superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(CAT) of gill tissue in 17% carbohydrate feed and12% carbohydrate feed were significantly lower than 7% carbohydrate feed;Antioxidant enzymes(CAT, GPX,SOD1, SOD2, SOD3a and SOD3b) mRNA levels in 17% carbohydrate feed and 12% carbohydrate feed were also significantly lower than 7% carbohydrate feed;in 17% carbohydrate feed and 12% carbohydrate feed acid phosphatase(AKP), alkaline phosphatase(ACP) and lysozyme(LZM) were also significantly lower than the 7% carbohydrate feed;the mRNA levels of immune-related genes(IL-1β, IL-10, IL-15, TNF-α and TGF-1β) and antimicrobial peptides(hepcidin-1 and hepcidin-2) in the 17% carbohydrate feed and 12% carbohydrate feed were significantly lower than those in 7% carbohydrate feed;the apoptosis-related genes(caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9)mRNA level in 17% carbohydrate feed were significantly higher than that of the 7% carbohydrate feed and 12%carbohydrate feed;the occluding and claudin-7 mRNA levels of the 17% carbohydrate feed were significantly lower than those of the 7% carbohydrate feed and 12% carbohydrate feed.The study showed that: under the expe

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 碳水化合物 鳃组织结构 抗氧化 免疫 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]