小麦族全基因组测序研究进展  

Advances on whole genome sequencing in Triticeae

作　　者：邝刘辉 李琪 张国平[1] KUANG Liuhui;LI Qi;ZHANG Guoping(College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第1期1-13,共13页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C0202);浙江省重大科技专项(2021C02064-3)。

摘　　要：小麦族是禾本科植物中最重要的粮食作物来源之一,包括小麦、大麦、黑麦等麦类作物,全球年产量高达9亿t,约占全部谷类产量的30%。小麦族物种基因组庞大,重复序列比例高,且倍性水平多样,因此其从头测序和组装难度相对较大。近年来,随着三代长读长测序技术和针对复杂基因组的组装算法不断发展,以及测序成本显著下降,越来越多的小麦族物种的全基因组测序工作相继完成。本文综述了小麦族中小麦属、大麦属、黑麦属、偃麦草属和山羊草属共计17个物种(包括亚种)的全基因组研究进展,包括测序技术、拼装策略、组装质量、基因组和基因功能的主要分析内容等,旨在为更复杂的植物基因组测序和基因组学研究提供一定的理论与技术参考。The Triticeae provides the important cereal crops, such as wheat, barley, and rye, which produces approximately 9×108 t annually, accounting for about 30% of the total global cereal production. However,Triticeae genomes are relatively difficult to be de novo sequenced and assembled due to their large genome size, a high proportion of repeat sequences, and different ploidy levels. With the rapid development of third-generation long read sequencing technologies and assembly algorithms designed for complex genomes, and also the falling cost of genome sequencing in recent years, more and more Triticeae species have been successfully sequenced. In this study, we reviewed the advances on the whole genome sequencing of 17 Triticeae species(including subspecies), including Triticum, Hordeum, Secale, Elytrigia, and Aegilops, in aspects of sequencing technology,assembly strategy and quality, and the major research contents associated with genomes and gene functions. This review may provide the references for sequencing strategies and genomic studies of other more complex plant genomes.

关 键 词：小麦族 基因组 全基因组测序 小麦属 大麦属 黑麦属 偃麦草属 山羊草属 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]