广西环江毛南族自治县夏大豆产量形成差异分析  

Analysis on Yield Difference of Summer Soybean in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous,Guangxi

作　　者：覃爱莲 韦清源[2] 郭小红[2] 梁江[2] 汤复跃[2] Qin Ai-Lian;Wei Qing-yuan;Guo Xiao-hong;Liang Jiang;Tang Fu-yue(Huanjiang County Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Hechi,Guangxi 547199,China;Cash Crops Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanning Comprehensive Station of Nation Soybean Industry Technology,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]环江毛南族自治县农业技术中心推广站,广西河池547199 [2]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所/国家大豆产业技术体系南宁综合试验站,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《广西农学报》2022年第6期17-20,共4页Journal of Guangxi Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(项目编号:CARS-04-CES30);广西农业科学院稳定资助科研团队项目(项目编号:2021YT055);广西农业科学院科技发展基金(项目编号:桂农科2020YM118)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解广西环江毛南族自治县春玉米套种夏大豆种植模式下夏大豆产量限制因素,为提高该地夏大豆单产水平提供科学理论依据。【方法】2018—2021年对22个大豆生产田66个样本进行抽样调查,收集单产及产量相关性状数据,按育成品种和农家种进行统计,并采用逐步回归分析法判断决定该县夏大豆单产的关键因素。【结果】结果表明,育成品种平均种植密度、株高、单株荚数、单株粒数和单产高于本地农家种,百粒重小于农家种;从变异幅度看,育成品种单株荚数和单株粒数高于农家种,平均种植密度、株高、百粒重低于农家种。春玉米套种夏大豆种植模式下夏大豆相关性状的标准化回归系数大小顺序为:X4(单株粒数)>X1(种植密度)>X5(百粒重),表明对环江夏大豆产量影响首要因素是单株粒数,其次是种植密度,最后是百粒重。【结论】决定环江夏大豆种植产量的关键因素是单株粒数,但变异系数大;环江夏大豆产量潜力较大,建议采取加快替代农家种、改善群体透光状况增加中下部结荚数量、化学防治减少落花落荚增加单株粒数、春玉米秸秆覆盖提高出苗率和均匀度来提高单株粒数等措施,提高环江夏大豆单产水平。【Objective】To understand the limiting factors of summer soybean yield under spring maize interplanting summer soybean planting pattern in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County of Guangxi,and provide scientific theoretical basis for improving the level of summer soybean yield.【Method】In 2018-2021,a sample survey of 66 samples from 22 soybean production fields was conducted to collect data on yield per unit area and yield-related traits.Statistics were made according to bred varieties and farm varieties,and the key factors determining the yield per unit area of summer soybeans in the county were determined by stepwise regression analysis.【Result】The results showed that the average planting density,plant height,pods number per plant,grains number per plant and yield were higher and 100-grain weight was lower than those of farm varieties.From the perspective of variation range,the number of pods per plant and grains per plant of bred varieties were higher than those of farm varieties,and the average planting density,plant height and 100-grain varieties were lower than those of farm varieties.The order of standardized regression coefficients of summer soybean related traits under spring maize intercropping summer soybean planting mode is:X4(grain number per plant)>X1(planting density)>X5(100-grain weight),indicating that the primary factor affecting summer soybean yield in Huanjiang County is grain number per plant,followed by planting density,and finally 100-grain weight.【Conclusion】The key factor to determine the yield of summer soybean in Huanjiang is grain number per plant,but the coefficient of variation is large.The yield potential of summer soybean around Huanjiang is great.It is suggested that measures should be taken to accelerate the replacement of farm varieties,improve the light transmittance of the population and increase the number of pods in the middle and lower parts,increase the number of grains per plant by chemical prevention to reduce the number of flowers and pods,increase the number

关 键 词：夏大豆 套作 产量 逐步回归 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]