19世纪前期英国西非殖民活动中的环境医学探析  

The Environmental Medicine in British West Africa in the Early 19th Century

作　　者：吴晗 WU Han(Research Center of History,Zhejiang University City College,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310015)

机构地区：[1]浙大城市学院历史研究中心,浙江杭州310015

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2023年第3期80-89,共10页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：19世纪前期,英国殖民者在西非饱受热带病的死亡威胁。对此,英国医学界根据环境医学学说对西非热带病展开研究,试图找到有效的医疗方式。作为一种并不完善的医学学说,环境医学将热带病视为“不健康”的热带环境的直接产物。这种认知不仅影响着英国殖民者对西非热带病的医疗应对,也塑造着英国人对西非热带环境的自然印象。同时,在殖民主义的框架下,环境医学也具有某种殖民属性,它赋予西非热带环境一种“不文明”的性质,为英国殖民扩张提供了一定的“合法性”依据。The British colonial expansion of West Africa was plagued by tropical diseases,in the early 19th century.In this regard,the British medical community had carried out extensive medical research based on the Environmental Medicine,trying to find effective medical methods to reduce the risk of tropical diseases.However,as an imperfect medical thought,the Environmental Medicine treated tropical disease as a direct product of the“unhealthy”tropical environment.This concept not only contributed to the treatment failure of West African tropical diseases,but also shaped British image of West African tropical environment.At the same time,the Environmental Medicine also had a certain colonial attribute,which endowed the West African tropical environment with an“uncivilized”nature and provided a certain“legality”for British colonialism.

关 键 词：环境医学 英国 西非 热带病 殖民主义 

分 类 号：X18[环境科学与工程—环境科学]