技术服务进口视角下我国高技术产业发展的问题与对策  

Research on Problems and Countermeasures of Development of China’s High-Technology Industry in Perspective of Technology Import

作　　者：杨修[1] 刘霞 YANG Xiu;LIU Xia(China Science and Technology Exchange Center;Beijing International Studies University)

机构地区：[1]科技部中国科学技术交流中心调研与协调处 [2]北京第二外国语学院经济学院

出　　处：《国际贸易》2023年第2期28-36,共9页Intertrade

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“大国博弈背景下中国海外专利布局对全球价值链网络地位的影响研究(22CJL022)”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：技术服务进口既反映了我国高技术领域对外依赖程度,也是衡量国家和地区高技术产业发展水平的重要指标。当前,我国技术服务进口规模保持增长态势,技术服务贸易逆差持续,高技术服务进口不断增加。在对外技术依存度上,我国高技术产业对外技术存在较大依赖,主要是以集成电路、计算机整机制造为代表的电子及通信设备、计算机及办公设备行业,且电子及通信设备业对外技术依存度持续增加。同时,美国等西方发达国家对华技术出口管制加剧了我国关键产业链“断供”风险,内资企业对引进技术的消化吸收再创新能力亟待加强。因此,我国应主动实施一批重大技术攻关项目,打造产业链供应链开放创新生态,建立专业化的科技企业金融工具和产品,深化高技术领域合作交流。Technology import reflects the foreign depedence of high-technology industry in the country or region,which is an essential index to measure the competitiveness of high-technology industry as well.Currently,China’s technology import keeps growing,the trade deficit of technology increases and the import of high-technology services continues to grow.In terms of technology dependence,China’s high-technology industry heavily relies on foreign technology,mainly in the electronic and communication equipment,computer and office equipment industries,represented by integrated circuit and computer machine manufacturing.Meanwhile,the level of technology dependence in electronic and communication equipment industry keeps growing.In terms of problems,western developed countries strengthened the control on the export of technology to China,which raises the risk of supply-cutting in core industrial chains in China.Domestic high-tech enterprises represents weak capacities on the introduction,absorption and re-innovation of foreign technology.Therefore,we suggest that Chinese government should implement the projects on key technology research,create an open and innovative ecosystem for the industry chain and supply chain,build the specialized financial tools and products for S&T enterprises and promote the cooperation and exchange in high-technology industry.

关 键 词：技术服务进口 高技术产业 对外技术依存度 

分 类 号：F276.44[经济管理—企业管理]