从《童蒙须知》看朱熹的蒙学教育思想  

On Zhu Xi’s Enlightenment Education Thought with His Written Book What Children Must Know

作　　者：胥文玲 XU Wenling(Department of Humanities and Science,Fujian Preschool Teachers’College,Fuzhou,Fujian 350007)

机构地区：[1]福建幼儿师范高等专科学校人文科学学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《武夷学院学报》2023年第2期1-5,29,共6页Journal of Wuyi University

摘　　要：蒙学,即启蒙之学,是中国古代教育的重要组成部分。《童蒙须知》是理学集大成者朱熹为儿童编写的一篇启蒙读物,不仅是宋代重要的蒙学文献之一,也是后世蒙学教材编撰时仿效的范本。其言易晓,其事易从,尤切于日用,涵盖衣服冠履、语言步趋、洒扫涓洁、读书写文字、杂细事宜五个部分。通过详尽规范儿童日常起居、言行礼节等内容,充分彰显朱熹的蒙学教育思想及其对后世产生深远持久的重要影响。Enlightenment education is one of the most important part of education system in ancient China. What Children Must Know is an enlightenment book for children written by Zhu Xi, a great Neo-Confucianism philosopher. Not only the book is one of the main enlightenment literature but a sample imitated by later generation for enlightenment teaching material compilation. The book is easy to understand and refers to the things easy for children to do, covering that Children’s education must acquire successively from the knowledge of clothes, hats, shoes, talking, walking, sanitation, hygiene, reading, handwriting, and many trifles. All the things mentioned above are listed one by one as follows, which is called What Children Must Know. Zhu Xi highlighted that children’s enlightenment education must know the matters such as, self-cultivation, ideological progress, waiting upon family members, like parents, the ways of getting along with people, probing into and understanding the whys and features of various things. To excavate Zhu Xi enlightenment education thought, inheriting the good and bring forth the new, will play a role in making the past serve the present for contemporary enlightenment education.

关 键 词：朱熹思想 《童蒙须知》 童蒙养正 启蒙教育 

分 类 号：G611[文化科学—学前教育学]