外泌体的抗感染作用研究进展  

Research progress into the anti-infective effect of exosomes

作　　者：马枫茜 陈瑞枫 丁寿鹏 李祥芳 吴利先 MA Fengqian;CHEN Ruifeng;DING Shoupeng;LI Xiangfang;WU Lixian(Department of Microbiology and Immunology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Dali University,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学基础医学院微生物学与免疫学教研室,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2022年第12期115-119,共5页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：云南省地方本科高校基础研究重点项目(202101BA0710001-038)。

摘　　要：外泌体是由多种细胞分泌的纳米囊泡,能够传递蛋白质、脂质和核酸等生物活性大分子,在细胞间信息传递中起着重要作用。越来越多的研究表明,某些类型细胞如间充质干细胞、NK细胞和中性粒细胞等细胞来源的外泌体具有治疗潜力,参与调节免疫系统,能够增强免疫细胞的杀伤能力;另外从感染细胞释放的外泌体也能促进抗原提呈和免疫细胞活化,激活多种细胞免疫因子,介导细胞免疫反应。本文就外泌体在抗病毒感染、细菌感染和真菌感染中的直接或间接作用进行了综述,为临床应用提供依据。Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by various cells,which can transfer bioactive macromolecules such as proteins,lipids,and nucleic acids,and play an important role in intercellular information transfer.Increasing studies have shown that exosomes derived from some cell types,such as mesenchymal stem cells,natural killer cells,and neutrophils,have therapeutic potential,by participating in the regulation of the immune system and enhancing the killing ability of immune cells.In addition,exosomes released from infected cells can promote antigen presentation and immune cell activation,activate a variety of cellular immune factors,and mediate the cellular immune response.We review the direct and indirect roles of exosomes in viral,bacterial,and fungal infections to provide evidence for their clinical application.

关 键 词：外泌体 病毒 细菌 真菌 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]