氮磷钾配施对榆林片沙覆盖区紫花苜蓿产量与品质的影响  

Effects of N,P and K combined application on yield and quality of alfalfa in Yulin sand-covered area

作　　者：常瑜池 徐伟洲[1] 申宏林 史雷[1] 卜耀军[1] 崔亦沐 耿金才 CHANG Yuchi;XU Weizhou;SHEN Honglin;SHI Lei;BU Yaojun;CUI Yimu;GENG Jincai(College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin,Shanxi Province 719000,China;Institute of Desertification Control,Shaanxi Academy of Forestry Sciences,Yulin,Shanxi Province 719000,China;Shanxi province animal husbandry technology extension station,Xi'an,Shanxi Province 710014,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]陕西省林业科学院治沙所,陕西榆林719000 [3]陕西省畜牧技术推广总站,陕西西安710014

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第5期92-97,共6页China Feed

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目一般项目“陕北采煤沉陷区草地植物群落衰退机理与恢复技术研究”(2019SF-267)。

摘　　要：为探究榆林片沙覆盖区紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa.L.)的最优氮磷钾肥料组合,本试验采用三因素二次回归正交设计方法,设置15组不同氮磷钾肥料配比,分析了生物学与营养品质指标。结果表明:紫花苜蓿第二茬株高较第一茬显著提高26%~45%(P<0.05);第二茬茎叶比较第一茬显著提高1~2.03倍(P<0.05);第二茬干重(DM)较第一茬显著提高19%~96%(P<0.05);第二茬的水分(AW)含量较第一茬无显著变化(P>0.05);第二茬的粗蛋白质(CP)含量较第一茬显著降低15%~17%(P<0.05);第二茬的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)较第一茬显著增加0.08%~17%(P<0.05);第二茬的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)较第一茬显著提高12%~13%(P<0.05);第二茬的粗灰分(ASH)和粗脂肪(EE)较第一茬均显著降低0.04%(P<0.05);第二茬的相对饲用价值(RFV)较第一茬显著降低11%~21%(P<0.05);第二茬的消化性干物质(DDM)较第一茬无显著变化(P>0.05);第二茬的木质素(ADL)较第一茬显著提高17%~62%(P<0.05)。通过灰色关联度进行综合分析,研究得出氮、磷、钾最优配施量分别为7、14、6 kg/667 m^(2)。In order to explore the optimal nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer combinations of alfalfa(Medicago sativa.L.)in Yulin sand-covered area,15 groups of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer ratios were set by three-factor quadratic regression orthogonal design method,and the biological and nutritional quality indexes were analyzed.The results showed that the plant height of the second crop of alfalfa was significantly increased by 26%~45%compared with the first crop(P<0.05);The ratio of stem to leaf of the second crop was significantly increased by 1~2.03 times compared with that of the first crop(P<0.05);Compared with the first crop,the dry weight of the second crop was significantly increased by19%~96%(P<0.05);The moisture content of the second crop had no significant change compared with that of the first crop(P>0.05);The crude protein content of the second crop was significantly reduced by 15%~17%compared with that of the first crop(P<0.05);The neutral detergent fiber of the second crop was significantly increased by 0.08%~17%compared with the first crop(P<0.05);The acid detergent fiber of the second crop was significantly increased by 12%~13%compared with that of the first crop(P<0.05);The ash content and crude fat of the second crop were significantly decreased by 0.04%compared with that of the first crop(P<0.05);The relative feeding value of the second crop was significantly decreased by 11%~21%compared with the first crop(P<0.05);The digestible dry matter of the second crop had no significant change compared with that of the first crop(P>0.05);Compared with the first crop,lignin in the second crop was increased by 17%~62%(P<0.05).Through the comprehensive analysis of grey correlation degree,the optimal amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were 7,14,6 kg/667 m^(2),respectively.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 肥料配施 营养品质 综合性状 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]