氨氮急性胁迫对斑石鲷幼鱼行为模式和血液学参数的影响  

Effects of Acute Ammonia Nitrogen Stress on Behavior Pattern and Hematological Parameters of Juvenile Spotted Knifejaw(Oplegnathus punctatus)

作　　者：张盛坤 徐进虎 孙雪倩 刘怡君 李丽[1,2] 李文升 庞尊方 田相利 Zhang Shengkun;Xu Jinhu;Sun Xueqian;Liu Yijun;Li Li;Li Wensheng;Pang Zunfang;Tian Xiangli(Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic Products Company Limited,Yantai 261442,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]莱州明波水产有限公司,山东烟台261442

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期120-132,共13页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2017YFE0122100,2020YFD0900201)资助。

摘　　要：为研究氨氮急性胁迫对斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)幼鱼行为模式和血液学参数的影响,本研究设置了6、12和18 mg/L 3个不同的氨氮胁迫浓度组,以氨氮浓度0 mg/L作为对照组,分别在氨氮胁迫前和胁迫后对各处理组斑石鲷幼鱼的行为进行拍摄记录,并在研究结束前进行鱼体血液的采集和测定。研究表明,各氨氮胁迫组斑石鲷幼鱼的平均游泳速度和游泳轨迹的平均曲率均显著负相关(P<0.05),氨氮胁迫显著改变了斑石鲷幼鱼的行为模式,平均游泳速度下降和平均曲率上升是氨氮胁迫组区别于对照组的主要行为模式特征。不同胁迫浓度下斑石鲷幼鱼的行为不同,在氨氮浓度为6 mg/L时,斑石鲷幼鱼能通过机体调节逐渐适应不良环境,但当氨氮浓度达到12和18 mg/L时斑石鲷幼鱼的行为则受到不同程度抑制。急性氨氮胁迫导致斑石鲷幼鱼的血液学参数发生明显改变,其中18 mg/L氨氮组的斑石鲷幼鱼血液中白细胞数、血红蛋白浓度和红细胞数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而乳酸脱氢酶和谷丙转氨酶活性则均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);各胁迫组甘油三酯、尿酸浓度和碱性磷酸酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。相关分析表明,氨氮胁迫8 h后斑石鲷幼鱼的平均游泳速度、运动时间百分比和平均曲率均与多种血液学参数显著相关。研究结果表明,氨氮急性胁迫可导致斑石鲷幼鱼行为异常和血液学参数显著改变,研究推测游泳速度下降和曲率增加是斑石鲷幼鱼对氨氮胁迫响应的典型行为特征。In this study,we investigated the effects of acute ammonia nitrogen stress on the behavior pattern and hematological parameters of juvenile spotted knifejaw(Oplegnathus punctatus).Three different ammonia nitrogen stress concentrations(0,6,12 and 18 mg/L)were set with 0 mg/L as the control.The behavior of juvenile spotted knifejaw each treatments was recorded by video before and after ammonia nitrogen stressing,and the fish blood was collected and measured before the end of study.The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between average swimming speed and average curvature of the swimming track of juvenile spotted knifejaw(P<0.05).Ammonia nitrogen stress significantly changed the behavior pattern of juvenile spotted knifejaw.The decrease of the average swimming speed and the increase of the average curvature were the main behavior pattern of ammonia nitrogen stressing groups different from those of control.Compared with different stressing concentrations,when the ammonia nitrogen concentration was 6 mg/L,the juvenile spotted knifejaw gradually adapted to the adverse environment through body regulation,but when the ammonia nitrogen concentration reached 12 and 18 mg/L,the behavior of juvenile spotted knifejaw was gradually inhibited to varying degrees.Acute ammonia nitrogen stress resulted in significant changes in hematological parameters of juvenile spotted knifejaw.Under 18 mg/L ammonia nitrogen stress,the number of leukocytes,hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell number in the blood of juvenile spotted knifejaw were significantly lower than those of the control(P<0.05),while the activities of lactate dehydroge-nase and alanine aminotransferase were significantly higher than those of the control(P<0.05).The concentration of triglyceride,uric acid and alkaline phosphatase activity each stressing groups were significantly higher than those of the control(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the average swimming speed,percentage of exercise time and average curvature of juvenile

关 键 词：氨氮胁迫 斑石鲷 行为模式 血液学参数 游泳速度 平均曲率 

分 类 号：S968.1[农业科学—水产养殖]