成年人记忆的情绪效应及情绪偏向  

The Emotional Effects and Emotional Bias of Adults'Memory

作　　者：马洪镇 牛玉柏[1] 宋馥栗 MA Hong-zhen;NIU Yu-bai;SONG Fu-li(Department of Psychology,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学心理系,杭州310018

出　　处：《人类工效学》2022年第6期51-56,共6页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划年度课题(22NDJC073YB)。

摘　　要：目的探讨成年人对图片和词汇材料记忆的情绪效应及情绪偏向的年龄差异。方法采用新/旧再认判断范式,以61名青年人和65名老年人为被试进行图片和词汇材料的记忆测试。结果成年人在图片和词汇材料中表现出记忆的情绪效应,且对情绪性图片材料记忆成绩更好;青年人和老年人对情绪性词汇材料表现出消极偏向,老年人对情绪性图片材料表现出积极偏向。结论成年人对情绪材料更具记忆优势,且老年人对积极图片判断标准更低,青年人和老年人对消极词汇判断标准更低。Objective The research aims to explore the emotional effect on adults'memory of pictures and lexical materials,and the age differences of emotional bias.Methods Sixty-one young adults and 65 old adults were selected to perform memory tests of picture and lexical materials,using the new/old recognition judgement paradigm.Results Adults showed the emotion effect of memory in both picture and lexical materials,and they performed better in memory of emotional pictures;both young and old adults showed negative bias towards lexical materials,while the elderly showed positive bias towards picture materials.Conclusion Adults had better memory for emotional materials,older adults had lower standard for positive pictures,and young and old people had lower standards for negative words.

关 键 词：信息加工 认知 模糊痕迹理论 记忆 情绪效应 情绪偏向 老年人 青年人 

分 类 号：B844.3[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]