中俄景点名称形义对比与互译探赜  

Exploring the Comparison and Translation of Form and Meaning of Chinese and Russian Scenic Spots Names

作　　者：刘丽芬 肖欢 LIU Lifen;XIAO Huan

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学翻译学研究中心,广东广州510420

出　　处：《外国语文》2023年第1期123-131,共9页Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中俄符号景观‘译+制’双重机理融会研究”(22BYY1950);国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国翻译理论发展史研究”(20&ZD312)成果之一。

摘　　要：从形式和语义对比分析中俄两国景点名称,并基于所比结果讨论中俄景点名称的互译。研究结果表明,中俄景点名称的组构形式多为“专名+通名”,还有“属性名+通名”“专名+属性名+通名”,少见“专名”。此外,汉语还有专名通名化以及借用诗句的“专名”。专名多为地名、人名,也见动物名,通名大多对应。属性名标明景点的类属、特征、质料、领域、功能、序号等。中国景点名称以托物言志命名为特色,俄罗斯则以历史来源命名居多。中俄景点名称互译模式为逐词对应、专通互换、通名缀补、文化专名音译—意译互参、专名文化内涵阐释等。本研究旨在为中俄景点名称互译提供对比语言学视角,为汉俄对比与翻译教学提供参考,为中俄旅游文化互鉴提供良好的语言环境。The translation of the names of Russian and Chinese attractions is discussed based on their formal and semantic comparisons in this paper.The results of this study reveal that the names of Chinese and Russian attractions are mostly constructed in the scheme of“proper name+common name”,“attribute name+common name”and“proper name+attribute name+common name”,rarely in the form of mere proper name,especially in Russia.In addition,there are also proper names used as common names and proper names borrowed from poems in Chinese.The proper names are mostly names of places and people as well as names of animals while the common names mostly correspond to each other.The attribute names indicate the category,characteristics,material,area,scope,function,serial number,and so on.The names of Chinese attractions are characterized by the way to express some aspiration through depicting the scene,while the names of Russian attractions are mostly named after historical sources.The translation patterns of Chinese and Russian names are word-by-word,interchangeability between proper names and common names,supplement on the common names,transliteration and free translation of cultural-specific names,and interpretation of cultural connotations of proper names.The purpose of this study is to provide a comparative linguistic perspective for the mutual translation of Chinese and Russian names of attractions,to provide a reference for the teaching of Chinese-Russian comparison and translation,and to provide a good linguistic environment for the mutual appreciation of Chinese and Russian tourist culture.

关 键 词：景点名称 形式—语义 对比分析 汉俄互译 

分 类 号：H355.5[语言文字—俄语]