芦竹生长及生理特性对淹水胁迫的响应  

Effects of flooding stress on growth and physiology of different genotypes of Arundo donax L.

作　　者：梁乐 杨塞 易自力[1,3] 吴胜兰 LIANG Le;YANG Sai;YI Zi-li;WU Sheng-lan(Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Miscanthus Ecological Applications,College of Bioscience&Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Orient Science&Technology College of Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Branch,National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,芒属植物生态应用技术湖南省工程实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学东方科技学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]国家能源非粮生物质原料研发中心湖南分中心,湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《环境生态学》2023年第2期38-42,共5页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：湖南省重点领域研发计划项目(2019NK2011)资助。

摘　　要：通过分析陆生和淹水环境对不同芦竹基因型生长和生理特性的影响,以期筛选获得一批适应洞庭湖湿地季节性干湿交替生境的优良种质,为退化湿地的修复提供材料支撑。以来源不同的3份芦竹种质为材料,设置淹水处理和陆生对照处理,观察分析不同基因型间在植株表型、光合特征指标(光合速率和蒸腾速率)及生理指标(超氧化物歧化酶、脯氨酸、丙二醛)上的差异。研究显示,芦竹是一种喜水的两栖植物类型,既可以适应陆生环境,也可以适应长期(>4个月)淹水环境。相较于陆生环境,淹水可以促进芦竹植株的生长。在供试的3个芦竹基因型中,来自新西兰的G1基因型在淹水与陆生环境下均表现最好。较强的蒸腾速率和较高的SOD活性是保证G1基因型表现最为优异的支撑。研究明确了芦竹用于洞庭湖退杨还湿地及退化湿地恢复修复的可行性,并筛选得到了优异种质,为洞庭湖退化湿地修复提供了理论及材料支撑。This study was designed to screen Arundo donax L.germplasms that are suitable for the application in the phytoremediation of seasonal flooding Dongting Lake wetland.Three differently origined genotypes were planted in the conditions with flooding stress and without flooding as control.Their phenotypic characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics(including photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate)and physiologic characteristics(including Superoxide dismutase activity,Proline content and Malondialdehyde content)were analyzed and compared.This study confirm the Arundo donax L.is a plant that can be grown well both in flooding and terrestrial environment.It can tolerate the flooding stress for almost 4 months.More interesting,the flooding stress can improve but not inhibit the plant growth.This mainly contributed by the high SOD activity and transpiration rate of the plant.The genotype G3,which is from New Zealand,is the best performed genotype and is then firstly recommended to be used in Dongting Lake wetland phytoremediation.Results of this study confirm the possibility to plant Arundo donax L.in the seasonal flooding Dongting Lake wetland and provide material support to achieve the phytoremediation potential.

关 键 词：洞庭湖湿地 植物修复 淹水胁迫 光合特征 逆境生理 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]