20世纪初英属印度的疟疾防治探析  

The Prevention and Treatment of Malaria in British India in the Early 20^(th)Century

作　　者：毛利霞 宋淑晴 Mao Lixia;Song Shuqing

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学历史文化学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2023年第1期95-106,126,127,共14页Journal of Poyang Lake

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“工业革命以来英国的结核病认知及应对研究(1760-1952)”(21BSS026);山东省高等学校青创人才引育团队“中外关系史创新团队”。

摘　　要：20世纪初,英国在印度的殖民统治加剧了疟疾大流行。疟疾的流行不仅造成印度众多人口死亡,还严重影响了英帝国的经济利益和殖民统治。在疟疾防治过程中,英国殖民政府积极把奎宁用于疟疾的治疗;在罗纳德·罗斯发现蚊子是疟疾传播的媒介之后,又积极进行以灭蚊为主的公共卫生改革。这些举措在一定程度上改善了城市卫生条件,遏制了疟疾的滋生和传播,有助于英国的殖民统治,也存在争议之处。英属印度的疟疾防治是殖民统治具有双重作用的典型个案,也有助于丰富疟疾史的相关研究。The British colonial rule in India aggravated the malaria pandemic in the early 20^(th) century. The epidemic not only caused many deaths among the Indian population, but also seriously affected the economic interests and colonial rule of the British Empire. In the process of malaria control, the British colonial government actively used quinine for malaria treatment and also actively carried out public health reforms focused on eradicating mosquitoes after Ronald Ross discovered that mosquitoes were the vector for malaria transmission. These measures improved urban sanitation conditions to some extent, curbed the breeding and transmission of malaria, contributed to British colonial rule, but caused many disputes. The malaria prevention and treatment in British India is a typical case of the dual role of colonial rule, which enriches research related to the history of malaria.

关 键 词：英属印度 疟疾防治 公共卫生 环境史 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生]