论闽方言果摄的读音层次——兼与南部吴语比较  

On the Strata of Guo Rhyme in Min Dialect:Also a Comparison with Southern Wu Dialect

作　　者：施俊[1] SHI Jun

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院人文学院,312000

出　　处：《汉语学报》2023年第1期81-98,共18页Chinese Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(编号:18BYY055)的支持。

摘　　要：本文指出闽方言果摄最多七个层次,最少四个层次。层次Ⅰ、层次Ⅳ、层次Ⅵ为闽语果摄主要读音层,其他为次要读音层,各点层次数量差异在于次要读音层的有无。这三个主要读音层代表了三个时代层次:上古、中古前及近代。只有主要读音层才是闽语果摄最核心层次,利用闽语材料构拟原始闽语应使用主要读音层。从南部吴语内部来看,上山小片与闽语相似度最高,丽水小片及瓯江片次之,金衢片相似度最低。具体来说,上山小片与闽中相似度较高,与闽东相似度较低;丽水小片及瓯江片与闽北相似度最高,与闽南、莆仙相似度最低;金衢片与闽中相似度较高,与闽南、莆仙相似度最低。综合来看,南部吴语与闽北、闽中相似度高,与闽南、莆仙及闽东相似度低。There are seven layers at most and four layers at least of guo rhyme in Min dialect.Among them,layer I,IV and VI are the main layers of Min dialect,while other layers are the secondary.The difference in layers lies in the presence or absence of secondary layers.The three main layers represent three times:ancient,pre-middle and modern.The paper points out that only the main pronunciation layer is the core layer of guo rhyme in Min dialect,and the main layer should be used to construct the original Min dialect.Within the varieties of Wu dialect,Shangshan dialect shows the highest similarity with Min Dialect,which is followed by Lishui and Oujian,and Jinqu reveals the lowest.Specifically,the similarity between Shangshan and Central Min dialect is high,but the East Min dialect is low.Lishui dialect and Oujiang dialect have the highest similarity with Northern Min dialect,and the lowest with southern Min dialect and Puxian dialect.The similarity between Jinqu dialect and Central Min dialect is high,but low with Northern Min dialect and Puxian dialect.In general,southern Wu dialect have a high similarity with northern and central Min dialects,but a low similarity with Southern Min dialect,Puxian dialect and Eastern Min dialect.

关 键 词：闽语 果摄 读音层次 层次相似度 

分 类 号：H177[语言文字—汉语] H173