由“职能依附”到“适度分离”:我国侦查监督实践路径的反思与突破  

From“Functional Dependence”to“Moderate Separation”:Reflection and Breakthrough on the Practical Path of Investigation Supervision

作　　者：杨菲 Yang Fei(Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《湖北警官学院学报》2023年第1期60-72,共13页Journal of Hubei University of Police

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“刑事诉讼事实形成机制研究”(21AFX014);湖北省教育科学规划指导项目“刑事一体化视野下轻罪诉讼制度体系构建研究”(21G206)。

摘　　要：侦查监督职能在性质、内容和特征等方面与审查批捕和审查起诉职能具有较大的不同。然而,司法实践长期遵循将侦查监督职能依附于审查批捕和审查起诉职能的思路,极易混淆检察职能的差异性,削弱侦查监督中立性。内设机构改革将侦查监督职能与捕诉职能相融合使依附性问题更为突出。其产生的危害表现为:不同诉讼角色间冲突被激化、控辩结构的平衡性被削弱、监督活动滞后性加剧、侦查监督流于形式、监督盲区被扩大。为修补内设机构改革加剧的依附性难题,强化侦查监督职能,应借鉴地方检察机关有益试点经验,按照“适度分离”的思路对我国侦查监督职能的实践模式进行改进和完善。具体可通过设置独立的侦查监督办案主体、拓宽侦查监督线索发现渠道、推动监督事项案件化办理程序、建立类型化的证据收集指引来实现侦查监督实质化。The functions of investigation supervision are quite different from arrest approval and public prosecution in nature, content and characteristics. However, judicial practice has long followed the idea of attaching the function of investigation supervision to the function of arrest approval and public prosecution, which is very easy to confuse the differences of procuratorial functions and weaken the neutrality of investigation supervision. The reform of internal institutions integrates the functions of investigation supervision with the functions of arrest and prosecution, making the problem of dependence more prominent. The hazards are as follows: the conflict between different litigation roles is intensified, the balance of prosecution and defense structure is weakened, the lag of supervision activities is intensified, the investigation supervision is more formal, and the blind area of supervision is expanded. In order to repair the problem of dependence exacerbated by the reform of internal institutions and strengthen the function of investigation supervision, we should learn from the beneficial pilot experience of local procuratorial organs and reform the practical mode of investigation supervision function according to the idea of "moderate separation". Specifically, we can set up independent investigation supervision case handling subjects, broaden clue discovery channels, construct case handling procedures, establish typed evidence collection guidelines to realize the substantiation of investigation supervision.

关 键 词：侦查监督 审查批捕 审查起诉 适度分离 依附性 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]