在理想与现实之间:对网络公共领域异化的反思与功能再定位  

Between Ideal and Reality: Reflection on the Alienation of the Internet Public Domain and Reorientation of Its Function

作　　者：周恒[1] ZHOU Heng(School of Law,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 45000l,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《前沿》2022年第6期58-67,共10页Forward Position

基　　金：2020年度司法部国家法治与法学理论研究青年课题“网络社群治理的反身法模式研究”(2020SFB3003)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：既往的学术研究普遍对网络公共领域的存在与发展持较为乐观的态度,期待网络公共领域能够承担起培育理性共识与提供合法性供给的任务。但从实际情况来看,网络公共领域的表现与理论上的期待相去甚远,出现了公共议题缺失、“敌我对抗”的逻辑怪圈、情绪化极端言论频发、表达与倾听机制的不对称等异化现象。网络公共领域异化的原因可以从个体素养不高、群体心理因素以及经济力量的控制三个方面理解,这些问题在当前的社会条件下很难被完全解决。网络公共领域的理论期待应调整为:通过激发社会中非建制主体的活力,刺激社会各子系统中的组织力量对既有的系统规则和运作逻辑进行自我反思,进而开启社会系统的合理化进程。为确保这一功能的实现,可借助反身法建立“网络半自主”的治理体制。Exiting studies generally hold a relatively optimistic attitude towards the existence and development of the Internet public domain, expecting the Internet public domain to take on the public task of cultivating rational consensus and providing legitimacy supplies. However, the performance of the Internet public domain, in reality, is far from theoretical expectations. There have been alienation phenomena such as the lack of public issues under discussion, the logical circle of “antagonism,” the frequent occurrence of emotional extreme speech, and the asymmetric mechanism of expression and listening. Reasons for the alienation of the Internet public domain can be understood from three aspects: lack of individual literacy, group psychological factors,and the control of economic power. These problems are difficult to be solved completely under the current social conditions. The theoretical expectation of the Internet public domain should be adjusted to the following one: stimulating the organizational forces in the social subsystems to self-reflection on the existing system rules and operating logic by stimulating the vitality of the non-organized subjects in society, and thus starting the rationalization process of the social system. In order to ensure the realization of this function, the reflexive law can be used to create a network semi-autonomous governance system.

关 键 词：网络公共领域 异化 功能再定位 反身法 

分 类 号：D669[政治法律—政治学] G206[政治法律—中外政治制度]