英、德两国医疗保险立法体系及其对我国的启示  

Legislation System of Health Insurance in Britain and Germany and Its Reference to China

作　　者：张洪宇 康正 张婷 张博锴 王海鑫 许金鹏 石淇 刘剑 吴群红 田国梅[2] ZHANG Hongyu(Department of Social Medicine,School of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院社会医学教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院核医学科,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《医学与社会》2023年第2期119-124,共6页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为72074064,71573068;中国博士后基金面上项目,编号为2019M650068;中国博士后基金特别资助项目,编号为2018T110319;国家社会科学基金资助重点项目,编号为19AZD013。

摘　　要：医疗保险立法体系是医疗保险领域法治建设的重要内容。在《“十四五”全民医疗保障规划》的指导下,借鉴英国和德国这两个先行国家的经验以优化和完善我国医疗保险立法体系。英国和德国的医疗保险立法体系总体上体现出层次分明、结构严密、相互协调和分散式立法等特征。以英、德两国为鉴,中国要积极推进统领性法律建设,提升医疗保险领域的法律位阶;在加强国家层级的医疗保险立法开发的同时规范地方层级医疗保险立法;建立医疗保险“上位”与“下位”法律的衔接联动机制;借鉴英、德两国分散立法的优势。Medical insurance legislative system is an important element in the construction of the rule of law in the field of medical insurance. Under the guidance of the "14th Five-Year Plan of National Medical Security Program", it is necessary to learn from the experience of two pioneering countries, the UK and Germany, to optimize and improve China’s medical insurance legislative system. The medical insurance legislative system of Britain and Germany generally reflects the characteristics of clear hierarchy, tight structure, mutual coordination and decentralized legislation. Taking Britain and Germany as a reference, China should actively promote the construction of the overarching law and enhance the legal ranking in the field of medical insurance, strengthen the development of medical insurance legislation at the national level while regulating medical insurance legislation at the local level;and establish the linkage between "higher" and "lower" medical insurance laws. We should establish a mechanism for linking the "upper" and "lower" levels of health insurance laws, and learn from the advantages of decentralized legislation in the UK and Germany.

关 键 词：医疗保险 立法体系 英国 德国 

分 类 号：R19-019[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]