汉人“评屈”中的自我价值体认及对屈原“去国”问题的观照  

Han-Dynasty Comments on Qu Yuan: Recognition of Self-value and Views on His Retirement from the Chu State

作　　者：谢天鹏[1] XIE Tian-peng

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国俗文化研究所,四川成都610065

出　　处：《三峡大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第2期18-23,115,116,共8页Journal of China Three Gorges University(Humanities & Social Sciences)

摘　　要：汉代人之评价屈原及其作品,不仅仅是带来了相关史学和辞赋创作的发展而已,以贾谊、司马迁、班固为代表的诸学者、辞赋家还在吸纳儒家和道家部分思想的基础上,重塑了一种哲学理论——“智”学,并启发了新的审美方向——山水之域。“智”学的本质是强调士人“自我”的价值,表现为在“臣——君”关系中为“臣”这一群体争取生存和发展的权利。“智”学理论中的“出走”思想为后来不得志的士群体退隐山水之域提供了哲学支撑,而其所追求的“自乐”“逍遥”精神则使退隐者开始留心于山水之美,从而形成了“自我——自然山水”这一新的人生关系。此关系在古典哲学、美学与文学中的影响都非常重要。The comments on Qu Yuan and his works in the Han Dynasty advanced the development of related historiography and the creation of fu poetry. On top of that,the masters of ci and fu as well as the scholars with Jia Yi,Sima Qian,and Ban Gu as representatives established a new type of philosophy——Wisdomology,as based on some of the Confucian and Taoist philosophies has made a new aesthetic orientation to mountains and rivers. The essence of Wisdomology is to focus on the self-value of scholars,which is manifested by the fight for the survival and development of ministers in the monarch-minister relationship. Therefore,the thought of “retirement” in Wisdomology lays a philosophical foundation for the retreat of unfulfilled scholars to the mountains and rivers in the future. The pursuit of self-pleasure and ease in Wisdomology guides hermits to admire the beauty of mountains and rivers,and then forms a new relationship between human and mountains and rivers in the nature. The influence of this relationship on classical philosophy,aesthetics and literature is of paramount importance.

关 键 词：楚辞 司马迁 “智”学 屈原 

分 类 号：I207.233[文学—中国文学]