非溶剂致相转化法PTFE/TPU复合膜制备与性能表征  

Preparation and Characterization of PTFE/TPU Composite Membrane by Nonsolvent Induced Phase Separation

作　　者：宋春菊 王海涛[1] 刘国昌 常娜[3] 郭春刚 SONG Chunju;WANG Haitao;LIU Guochang;CHANG Na;GUO Chungang(Tianjin Polytechnic University College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjing 300387,China;Tianjin Institute of Seawater Desalination and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Tianjing 300192,China;Tianjin Polytechnic University College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjing 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所,天津300192 [3]天津工业大学化学工程与技术学院,天津300387

出　　处：《塑料工业》2023年第2期153-160,共8页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：2021年天津市科技计划项目(21ZYJDSN00130);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(K-JBYWF-2021-ZT02,K-JBYWF-2019-T04)。

摘　　要：以热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为原料,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,乙酸和氯化锂(LiCl)为添加剂,聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)平板膜为基材,采用非溶剂致相转化法制备PTFE/TPU复合膜。考察了膜层厚度、凝胶浴组成、添加剂类别及其比例等条件对铸膜液黏度的影响,评测了膜表面和断面形貌结构、孔径分布、表层与基材剥离强度等膜特征指标。结果表明,与基膜c相比,复合膜的氮通量降低,膜层厚度为20μm时氮气通量越大;凝胶浴为24%DMAc时复合膜透气性最好,12%、48%DMAc时透气性差;乙酸做添加剂时复合膜表面光滑致密,而LiCl表面呈多孔结分布,但是当乙酸、LiCl添加剂比例相同时,加入乙酸的复合膜的透气性远比加入LiCl好;乙酸含量为0.7%时,PTFE/TPU复合膜的表面光滑致密,且透气性良好,平均孔径约为100 nm,0.7%乙酸的加入对铸膜液黏度及PTFE/TPU复合膜的剥离强度的影响较小。Taking thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)as raw material,N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMAc)as solvent,acetic acid and LiCl as additives,and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)flat film as substrate,PTFE/TPU composite film was prepared by nonsolvent induced phase separation method.The effects of film thickness,composition of gel bath,types and proportions of additives on the viscosity of casting solution were investigated,and the characteristics of film surface and cross-section morphology,pore size distribution,peel strength between surface and substrate were evaluated.The results show that comparing with the base film,the nitrogen flux of the composite film decreases,and the nitrogen flux increases when the film thickness is 20μm.When the gel is 24%DMAc,the permeability of the composite membrane is the best,while that of 12%and 48%DMAc is worse.When acetic acid is used as additive,the surface of composite membrane is smooth and dense,while the surface is porous with LiCl.However,when the ratio of acetic acid to LiCl is the same,the permeability of composite membrane with acetic acid is much better than that with LiCl.When the content of acetic acid is 0.7%,the surface of PTFE/TPU composite film is smooth and compact,and its air permeability is good.The average pore diameter is about 100 nm.The addition of 0.7%acetic acid has little effect on the viscosity of casting solution and the peeling strength of PTFE/TPU composite film.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 聚四氟乙烯 非溶剂致相转化 添加剂 剥离强度 黏度 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]