错误知觉视角下的中美北极关系困境与出路  

The Difficulties in and Solutions to Sino-US Arctic Relations from the Perspective of Misconception

作　　者：郭培清 杨慧慧 Guo Peiqing;Yang Huihui(School of International Affairs and Public Administration,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期1-12,共12页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大研究专项“国际大变局下中国参与北极治理研究”(20VHQ011)。

摘　　要：在北极地区大国竞争不断加剧的背景下,中国通过《中国的北极政策》白皮书释放了参与北极事务的善意信号,而美国对于中国北极角色的误读仍未减少。这其中固然有大国竞争的考量,但在美国对中国参与北极事务的负面认知中也包含着错误知觉的因素。受认知相符、诱发定势、历史因素等机制以及北极地区特殊治理环境的影响,美国在政治、外交和经济等不同层面建构起“中国北极威胁”的错误知觉:从“近北极国家”定位推测中国战略“野心”,将中国的北极外交塑造为“自由主义国家”的共同威胁,并将中国北极经济合作虚构为“债务陷阱”。对此,中国应当更加准确地表达自身信号,区分问题领域,开展务实合作,以促进中美北极关系的良性发展,并开展多元化综合外交,消解错误知觉的负面影响。Against the context of intensifying competition among major powers in the Arctic region,China has published a white paper on China′s Arctic Policy as a gesture of goodwill to participate in Arctic affairs,while American government still misunderstands China′s role in Arctic affairs.It is due in part to the considerations of great powers competition,but the US negative perception of China′s participation in Arctic affairs also contributes to the misunderstanding.Influenced by such mechanisms as cognitive consistency,inducing factors,historical factors and the special environment in the Arctic region,the United States has constructed the misconception of"China′s Arctic threat".The US has speculated that"near-Arctic state"is China′s"strategic ambition",characterized China′s Arctic diplomacy as a common threat to"liberal states",and fictionalized China′s Arctic economic cooperation as a"debt trap".Therefore,China should express its own intentions more accurately and carry out practical cooperation in different fields,so as to promote the sound development of China-US Arctic relations and exercise diversified comprehensive diplomacy to dispel the negative impact of misconceptions.

关 键 词：错误知觉 认知心理 北极 中国北极威胁论 中美关系 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]