静止轨道微波探测器视场偏差特征分析  

ANALYSIS OF THE PARALLAX CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOSTATIONARY-ORBITING MICROWAVE SOUNDER

作　　者：韦晓澄 孙逢林 WEI Xiaocheng;SUN Fenglin(Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites,National Satellite Meteorological Centre(National Center for Space Weather),China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Statellite(FYSIC),Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室/国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心),北京100081 [3]许健民气象卫星创新中心,北京100081

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2022年第6期901-914,共14页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41975020)资助。

摘　　要：现有的极轨微波仪器有着较强的穿云能力,空间分辨率较低,故目前而言,国内外鲜有针对微波探测器的视差分析研究,但若未来在静止轨道上搭载空间分辨率较高的静止轨道微波探测器,则微波视场内的视差问题不容忽视。针对未来发展的静止轨道卫星微波探测器,利用辐射传输模式CRTM模拟该类仪器的亮温,并分析其受视场内云影响所产生的视场偏差,结果表明空间分辨率越高,视差问题越明显;天顶角越大,云顶高度越高,视差越大。除此之外,以台风和高云的个例对实际情况中微波探测仪内视差误差进行了展示,说明静止轨道微波仪器尽管有较高的时间分辨率,但是因为视差的存在,仍然会对台风预警的准确性产生影响。The existing polar-orbit microwave instruments have strong cloud penetrating ability and low spatial resolution, resulting in little research on the parallax issue of microwave detectors. However, if the microwave sounder with high spatial resolution can be carried onboard the geostationary orbit in the future, its effect on the microwave field of view cannot be ignored any more. In this paper, we use the Community Radiative Transfer Model(CRTM) to simulate the brightness temperature(BT) of geostationary satellite microwave detectors, and analyze the BT deviation caused by the cloud in the field of view. The results are shown as follows. The higher the spatial resolution is, the more obvious the parallax will be. The parallax increases with the increase of the zenith angle or the cloud-top height. In addition, taking typhoons and high clouds as examples, this paper presents the parallax of microwave detectors in the actual situation, which suggests that although the geostationary orbit microwave instrument has a high time resolution, the existence of the parallax will still affect the accuracy of typhoon warning.

关 键 词：静止轨道 微波探测器 视差 

分 类 号：P414.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]