碳补贴与零售商竞争下供应链合作方式的微分博弈研究  

Research on the differential game of supply chain cooperation under carbon subsidy and retailer competition

作　　者：卓四清[1] 韩雪 ZHUO Siqing;HAN Xue(Economics and Management,School of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济与管理学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2023年第2期80-89,共10页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71771181)。

摘　　要：存在政府低碳补贴时,本文考虑由一个制造商和两个相互竞争的零售商组成的低碳供应链在集中决策、零售商横向合作、供应链纵向合作和分散决策下的动态最优决策。本文通过构建微分博弈模型并运用动态优化的求解方法得到了不同合作方式下的反馈策略,并且在此基础上比较不同合作方式的结果,讨论了竞争对最优决策的影响。研究表明,集中决策下的零售价格与纵向联盟零售价格相同,均处于最低水平,零售商横向合作下的零售价最高。不同合作方式下的批发价格相同。政府最优补贴比率与竞争程度成负相关。纵向联盟能够实现帕累托改进,而零售商合作不一定为供应链带来额外收益。In recent years,the greenhouse effect has aroused close attention globally while people have shown a growing preference for low-carbon consumption.As one of the largest emitters of CO2,the manufacturing sector is confronted with stricter government regulations and a more competitive environment;therefore,the status quo can be considered as a chance and as well,a challenge.In the traditional supply chain,it is common that retailers from different companies sell a certain stuff at the same time.The sale price and advertising of a retailer has an influence on all the other competitors.Under this circumstance,various types of cooperation in the supply chain might affect manufacturers′emission reduction,profit,social welfare as well as governmental subsidy.Thus,comparing and analyzing the differences among these types has reference value to governmental policies and decision making on supply chain.When local government implements the policy of carbon emission reduction subsidy,a low-carbon supply chain with one manufacturer and two retailers is considered in this paper.The manufacturer takes charge of production and emission reduction.The retailers are responsible for sales and advertising.Meanwhile,the retail pricing competition between two retailers also exists.On condition that buyers show a preference of low-price and low-carbon,A differential game model is formulated on centralized decision making,horizontal cooperation among manufacturers,vertical cooperation among retailers and decentralized decision making,which is aimed to find a long-term strategy that benefits all.By means of game theory,the influences brought from competitive intensity of marketing pricing to the objectives and outcomes of different decision bodies are discussed.The conclusions are as follows:The wholesale price of the product,which is only related to the scale of market and the cost of production,remains unchanged under different cooperation modes.When firms possessing pricing power dominates the retail market,the sales price has nothin

关 键 词：微分博弈 低碳供应链 竞争 合作 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]