尊重个体的人:国际法视野下国际理解教育的核心  

Respect for the Individual:The Core of Education for International Understanding from the Perspective of International Laws

作　　者：涂诗万[1] 陈晶莹 TU Shiwan;CHEN Jingying(Faculty of Education,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学教育学部,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《现代教育论丛》2023年第1期20-29,共10页Modern Education Review

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度国家一般项目“杜威教育思想批评史(1896—2019年)”(BOA190042)。

摘　　要：国际理解教育中存在“一”与“多”之间的紧张关系。如果回到国际理解教育的源头——国际法,就能找到“一”与“多”之间的结合点,从而可化解它们之间的紧张。在教育目的方面,多项国际法明确规定培养和增进对人权和人的基本自由的尊重是现代教育应有的目的。从教育内容方面看,国际理解教育中的人权教育、多元文化教育、全球视野教育和民族文化认同教育都体现了国际法中尊重个体的人的原则。在教育方法方面,现代教育所倡导的向教师赋权、“学生中心”、自由交流和人道的惩罚都体现了国际法中尊重个体的人的原则。总之,国际理解教育就是要理解国际上共同理解的原则和价值。毫无疑问,国际法正是国际上共同理解的原则和价值的“公约数”。而对每个人的人权和基本自由的尊重则是这个“公约数”的核心。真正落实“尊重个体的人”的原则要求我们把自己作为方法,通过构建意义丰富的自治型的小共同体实施教育。There is a tension between“identity”and“diversity”in education for international understanding.If going back to the origin of the education for international understanding-international laws,we can find the juncture between“identity”and“diversity”,so as to resolve the tension between them.In terms of the end of education,international laws clearly stipulate that cultivating and promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is the purpose of modern education.In terms of projects of education,human rights education,multicultural education,global and international studies education and national culture identity education in education for international understanding all reflect the principle of respecting for the individual in international laws.Education that respects for the individual is education for international understanding.In terms of methods of education,the principles of empowering teachers,“child-center”,free communication and humane punishment advocated by modern educational method all reflect the rule of respect for the individual in international laws.In a word,education for international understanding is to understand the principles and values commonly understood by the world.There is no doubt that international laws are the common divisor of internationally understood principles and values.Respecting for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals is the core of the common divisor.Implementing the principle of“respect for the individual”requires that everyone treats himself as method and we teach and learn by constructing meaningful,and autonomous communities.

关 键 词：国际理解教育 国际法 个体的人 人权 基本自由 

分 类 号：G511[文化科学—教育学]