宁夏干旱区滴灌条件下拉巴豆不同播种量与甜高粱混播饲草生产性能研究  

Effect of sowing rate on yield and forage quality of a Dolichos lablab-Sorghum bicolor mixture under drip irrigation in arid areas of Ningxia

作　　者：王腾飞 王斌 邓建强 李满有 倪旺 冯琴 妥昀昀 兰剑[1,2] WANG Teng-fei;WANG Bin;DENG Jian-qiang;LI Man-you;NI Wang;FENG Qin;TUO Yun-yun;LAN Jian(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Grass and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China;Cofco Feed(Yinchuan)Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]中粮饲料银川有限公司,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第3期30-40,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01);国家自然科学基金(32160406)项目;“一年两熟”人工草地可持续发展模式研究与示范项目(2020BBF02001)资助。

摘　　要：采用合理的种植方式能够有效缓解宁夏干旱区饲草产量低、品质差问题,本研究在滴灌条件下设置不同播种量(S_(0):0 kg·hm^(-2),S_(1):16.5 kg·hm^(-2),S_(2):33.0 kg·hm^(-2),S_(3):49.5 kg·hm^(-2),S_(4):66.0 kg·hm^(-2))拉巴豆与甜高粱混播,对甜高粱农艺性状和混播草地生产性能以及牧草营养品质进行综合分析。2年试验结果表明,拉巴豆播种量对甜高粱株高、茎粗、茎秆1~4节强度和茎秆5~7节强度及混播草地干草产量、粗蛋白产量、粗蛋白含量、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量和相对饲喂价值有显著影响(P<0.05),其中甜高粱株高、茎粗、混播草地干草产量和粗蛋白产量随拉巴豆播种量的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,草地总干草产量、粗蛋白产量和相对饲喂价值均在S3处理下达到最大,分别为32.12 t·hm^(-2)、4.13 t·hm^(-2)和117.30;混合牧草粗蛋白含量在S4处理下最大,达到12.31%。经主成分(PCA)综合分析可知,拉巴豆与甜高粱混播草地的株高、茎粗、粗蛋白产量、总干草产量、茎秆1~4节强度和相对饲喂价值贡献率较大,综合排名由高到低为S_(3)>S_(2)>S_(4)>S_(1)>S_(0)。综合混播草地生产性能与营养品质,建议在宁夏干旱区滴灌条件下拉巴豆与甜高粱混播的最佳播种量为49.5 kg·hm^(-2)。Effective planting methods can alleviate the problem of low forage yield and poor quality in arid areas of Ningxia.In this study,a mixture of Dolichos lablab and Sorghum bicolor was sown at five different seeding rates(S_(0):0 kg·ha^(-1),S_(1):16.5 kg·ha^(-1),S_(2):33.0 kg·ha^(-1),S_(3):49.5 kg·ha^(-1),S_(4):66.0 kg·ha^(-1))and grown under drip irrigation.The agronomic traits of S.bicolor,the yield of the mixed sward,and the nutritional quality of forage were comprehensively analyzed in a two-year experiment.It was found that the seeding rate of the D.lablab-S.bicolor mixture significantly affected plant height,stem diameter,the stem strength at the first to the fourth internodes;The stem strength at the fifth to seventh internodes of S.bicolor;And the hay yield,crude protein yield,crude protein content,neutral detergent fiber content,acid detergent fiber content,and relative feed value of the mixed sward(P<0.05).Among these parameters,plant height,stem diameter of S.bicolor,and the hay yield and crude protein yield of the mixed sward first increased and then decreased with increasing seeding rate of the D.lablab-S.bicolor mixture.The highest values for total hay yield,crude protein yield,and relative feed value occurred in the S3treatment(32.12 t·ha^(-1),4.13 t·ha^(-1),and 117.30,respectively).The highest crude protein content of mixed forage(12.31%)was in the S4treatment.According to the results of a principal component analysis,plant height,stem diameter,crude protein yield,total hay yield,strength of the stem at the first to fourth internodes,and the relative feed value of the mixed D.lablab-S.bicolor sward made the largest contributions to forage yield and quality.The treatments were ranked,from highest yield and quality to lowest,as follows:S_(3)>S_(2)>S_(4)>S_(1)>S_(0).Based on the yield and nutritional quality of the mixed swards,it is suggested that the optimum seeding rate of D.lablab and S.bicolor grown under drip irrigation in arid areas of Ningxia is 49.5 kg·ha^(-1).

关 键 词：拉巴豆 甜高粱 生产性能 营养品质 综合评价 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]