陇南地区传统聚落地域性特征解析——以白龙江流域三村为例  

Analysis on Regional Characteristics of Traditional Settlements in Longnan:Take Three Villages in Bailong River Basin as Examples

作　　者：刘万珂 郑小东[1] 段威[1] 张守法 LIU Wanke;ZHENG Xiaodong;DUAN Wei;ZHANG Shoufa

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学 [2]中国城市规划设计研究院

出　　处：《住区》2023年第1期25-32,共8页Design Community

摘　　要：甘肃陇南位于陕川交界处,该地山崇水湍,多民族语汇下传统聚落呈现出独有的地域性特征。本文以陇南地区白龙江流域张坝村、唐坝村、亚滩村三村为例,使用田野调查法、文献研究法和对比分析,总结出陇南传统聚落在宏观山水层面具有“背负冠山,面环带水”的山水格局,“山地点聚,河谷纵列”的形态特征;在中观聚落层面具有“耕居分势,前田后舍”的空间布局,“河道串联,路网并通”的结构骨架和“文脉共荣,祠庙居高”的公建特点;在微观宅院层面具有“坝院为主,合院为辅”的形制特点,“正厢各秩,檐廊贯续”的单体格局和“土围木架,石雕版饰”的建构特征。本项研究加深了对乡土建筑和地域性景观的理解认知,以期为陇南地区传统聚落的解读传承和保护发展提供参考。Longnan is located at the junction of Shaanxi,Sichuan and Gansu Provinces.The mountain range is con-tinuous,while the water system is turbulent.The traditional settlements show unique regional characteristics under the multi-ethnic vocabulary.Taking Zhangba Village,Tangba Vil-lage and Yatan Village in Bailong River Basin in Longnan as examples,this paper uses field investigation method,litera-ture research method and comparative analysis to conduct research.From three perspectives,this paper determines and analyzes those regional characteristics of traditional settlements in Longnan:“Relying on mountains,facing annular river”,“Clustering in the hills,linear distributed in river valleys”;“Divisional cultivation and separated resi-dence in the rear”,“Rivers linked arable land,netlike roads connected houses”,“Ancestral temple holding the upper ground with prosperity of culture”;“Majority of dam court-yards,and minority of compound courtyards”,“Arranged main rooms and the wing-rooms in an orderly manner with interpenetrating corridors under the eaves”,“Enclosure by wooden frames and rammed retaining walls,with stone en-graving decoration”.This study deepens the understanding of local architecture and regional landscape,which aims to provide reference for inheritance,protection and develop-ment of traditional settlements in Longnan area.

关 键 词：遗产保护 传统聚落 地域性 陇南 乡土营造 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]