“单向混改”还是“双向混改”?——民营企业混合所有制改革路径选择对企业创新的影响  

“One-way Mixed Reform” or “Two-way Mixed Reform”? The Effect of the Mixed Ownership Reform on the Private Enterprise Innovation

作　　者：毛宁 杨运杰[1] 尹志锋[1] MAO Ning;YANG Yun-jie;YIN Zhi-feng(School of Economics,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing,102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院,北京102206

出　　处：《经济管理》2023年第1期85-104,共20页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：科学技术部高技术研究发展中心项目“基于大数据智能的非公经济群体感知与服务辅助技术研究与应用”(2019AAA0105100);国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国非专利实施体的行为策略及其创新效应研究”(72274231)。

摘　　要：作为社会主义市场经济中的重要主体,民营企业参与混合所有制改革日益普遍,但是关于哪种混合所有制改革路径才能“合得来、混得好”,更好地促进民营企业创新这一问题,现有研究对此尚未得出一致结论。本文利用第十四次中国私营企业调查数据,研究发现既参与国有企业混合所有制改革又引入国有资本的“双向混改”路径较仅选择“单向混改”路径更有利于促进民营企业创新水平的提高。民营企业选择“双向混改”路径较“单向混改”路径,能更好地促进不同国有企业和民营企业之间的资源协同,有效降低民营企业融资成本、税费成本,使民营企业获取更多的政府补贴资源,进而减少创新成本,促进企业创新。异质性分析表明,“双向混改”对认同混合所有制经济发展理念的民营企业和设立党组织的民营企业的创新促进作用更明显。进一步分析发现,“双向混改”路径不仅会提高民营企业自身创新水平,而且对社会创新会产生正的外部性。本文的研究结论不仅丰富了民营企业混合所有制改革路径选择的相关研究,而且为实现“两个毫不动摇”的发展理念,鼓励、支持和引导民营企业健康发展提供了新的思路。Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,private enterprises,as an important part of the socialist market economy,have become an important force to promote China’s technological innovation,and it has contributed more than 70%of China’s technological innovation achievements.In recent years,more and more private enterprises have participated in the mixed ownership reform in various forms,such as not only participating in“one-way mixed reform”(private enterprises participating in the mixed reform of state-owned enterprises or introducing state-owned capital),but also participating in“two-way mixed reform”(participating in the mixed reform of state-owned enterprises and introducing state-owned capital),However,the existing research has not reached a unanimous conclusion on which mixed reform path can“get along and mix well”and better promote the innovation of private enterprises.Based on the existing research,the marginal contribution of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects:(1)this paper makes an empirical analysis on the impact of private enterprises taking different mixed reform paths on their own innovation level for the first time,which not only provides new ideas for private enterprises to participate in the mixed ownership reform,enriches the current research conclusions on the mixed ownership reform,but also reveals the innovation effect of the“two-way mixed reform”path,It has found an effective way for private enterprises and the improvement of China’s innovation level.(2)this paper verifies that the“two-way mixed reform”path is more conducive to enterprises to reduce financing costs and obtain government subsidies than the“one-way mixed reform”path.In addition,this paper also studies the impact of“two-way mixed reform”on the innovation of private enterprises from the perspective of reducing the tax cost of private enterprises,which further enriches the mechanism of private enterprises’participation in mixed reform on their innovation.(3)this paper

关 键 词：双向混改 单向混改 民营企业 国有资本 企业创新 

分 类 号：F276.5[经济管理—企业管理]