2019—2021年中国0~5月龄婴儿母乳摄入量  

Breast milk intake of Chinese infants aged 0-5 months in 2019-2021

作　　者：王淑霞 庞学红 毕烨 杨振宇 赵文华 张倩 王硕[2] 李瑞莉[3] 王玉英 吴婕翎[4] 黄广文[5] 罗书全[6] 黄鑫[7] Wang Shuxia;Pang Xuehong;Bi Ye;Yang Zhenyu;Zhao Wenhua;Zhang Qian;Wang Shuo;Li Ruili;Wang Yuying;Wu Jieling;Huang Guangwen;Luo Shuquan;Huang Xin(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission,Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;National Center for Women and Children’s Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100081,China;Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China;Guangdong Provincial Institute of Maternal and Child Healthcare,Guangzhou 511400,China;Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Changsha 410008,China;Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042,China;Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 650022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,国家卫生健康委微量元素与营养重点实验室,中国疾病预防控制中心母乳科学研究重点实验室,北京100050 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100081 [3]首都儿科研究所,北京100020 [4]广东省妇幼保健院,广州511400 [5]湖南省妇幼保健院,长沙410008 [6]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042 [7]云南省疾病预防控制中心,昆明650022

出　　处：《卫生研究》2023年第1期46-52,共7页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：科技部基础资源调查专项(No.2017FY101100,2017FY101103)。

摘　　要：目的描述中国0~5月龄婴儿母乳摄入量及其随月龄变化趋势,分析喂养方式、性别和地区对母乳摄入量的影响。方法利用科技部基础资源调查专项“中国0~18岁儿童营养与健康系统调查与应用”项目数据,采用面对面询问调查方法收集婴儿的基本信息,采用称重法测量婴儿24小时母乳摄入量,描述0~5月龄婴儿母乳摄入情况。采用秩和检验比较组间母乳摄入量的差异,采用Spearman秩和检验分析母乳摄入量随月龄增加的变化趋势,采用一般线性回归模型分析性别和地区对母乳摄入量的影响。结果0~5月龄纯母乳喂养婴儿的母乳平均摄入量为800.1 g/d,范围为696.4~937.7 g/d。母乳摄入量随着月龄的升高而增加,5月龄保持平稳(β=29.6,P=0.009)。不同月龄婴儿母乳摄入量差异存在统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.96,P=0.003)。0~5月龄纯母乳喂养婴儿24小时喂养次数为8次,平均每次母乳摄入量为103.4~152.5 g,平均每次喂养时长为20.4~24.6 min,每分钟母乳摄入量为4.4~7.0 g。0~4月龄纯母乳喂养婴儿的24小时母乳摄入量均未显现性别差异(P>0.05)。除4月龄外,纯母乳喂养婴儿的母乳摄入量均不存在地域差异(t=-4.25,P<0.001)。在混合喂养组、母乳+辅食喂养组和母乳+配方粉+辅食喂养组中,0~5月龄婴儿的母乳平均摄入量范围分别为341.1~496.7 g、239.1~742.7 g和90.0~508.0 g。结论2019—2021年中国0~5月龄婴儿母乳摄入量随着月龄的升高而增加,5月龄保持平稳。除个别月龄外,不同地域和性别0~5月龄婴儿母乳摄入量相近。配方粉或辅食引入直接影响0~5月龄内婴儿母乳摄入量。OBJECTIVE To describe the breast milk intake of infants aged 0-5 months in China and its trends,and to analyze the effects of feeding mode,gender and regions on breast milk intake.METHODS Data were extracted from Ministry of Science and Technology’s basic resource survey project“China’s 0-18-year-old children’s nutrition and health system survey and application”project.Caregivers were face to face interviewed to collect the basic information of infants.Weighing method was used to measure 24 hourly breast milk intake of infants aged 0-5 months in China.The rank sum test was used to compare the differences in breast milk intake between groups,the Spearman rank sum test was used to analyze the trend of breast milk intake with increasing age,and the general linear regression model was used to analyze the effects of gender and region on breast milk intake.RESULTS The mean breast milk intake of exclusively breastfed infants aged 0-5 months was 800.1 g/d,ranging from 696.4 to 937.7 g/d.Breast milk intake increased with age and remained stable at 5 months(β=29.6,P=0.009).There was a statistically significant difference in breast milk intake among infants in different month age groups(χ^(2)=17.96,P=0.003).Infants aged 0-5 months who are exclusively breastfed were fed 8 times in 24 hours,the breast milk intake per each time is 103.4-152.5 g,the duration of each feeding is 20.4-24.6 min,and the breast milk intake per minute is 4.4-7.0 g.Except for 5 months of age,there was no gender difference in the 24-hour breast milk intake of exclusively breastfed infants aged 0 to 4 months(P>0.05).Except for 4-month-old exclusively breastfed infants,there was no regional differences in the breast milk intake of others(t=-4.25,P<0.001).In the mixed feeding group,breast milk+complementary feeding group and breast milk+formula powder+complementary feeding group,the breast milk intake of infants aged 0-5 months were 341.1-496.7 g,239.1-742.7 g and 90.0-508.0 g,respectively.CONCLUSION In 2019-2021,infants aged 0-5 months in Chin

关 键 词：婴儿 纯母乳喂养 母乳摄入量 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]