从话题突出到主语突出:《论语》中话题句英译考察  

From topic-prominence to subject-prominence:An exploration into the English translation of topic-sentences in Confucius Analects

作　　者：王勇 秦思 Wang Yong;Qin Si

机构地区：[1]中山大学国际翻译学院 [2]湖北经济学院外国语学院

出　　处：《西安外国语大学学报》2022年第4期7-12,共6页Journal of Xi’an International Studies University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“存在句的类型学研究”(项目编号:17BYY183)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在Li&Thompson(1976)的类型划分中,汉语属于话题突出型语言,英语属于主语突出型语言。古汉语符合话题突出型语言的特征,“话题—述题”是小句结构的核心。《论语》中的话题句类型多样,分布极广,话题的实现手段丰富,充分体现了话题突出的类型特点。在英语译文中,话题分别译作主语、补语、状语等,各自在以“主语—谓语”为核心的小句中具有明确的句法身份,话题突出的特征被主语突出的特征取代。《论语》的英译,在句法层面采取了归化翻译策略,在类型学上属于从“话题突出”到“主语突出”的转变,原文和译文体现了各自语言的类型特征。According to Li & Thompson(1976),Chinese is a topic-prominent language,while English is a subject-prominent language.Classical Chinese is in line with the characteristics of topic-prominent languages,with topic-comment structure at the core of clauses.A survey of Confucius Analects shows that topic-sentences are widely distributed,and they are abundant in quantity and variety.As for the English version,topics are translated into subjects,complements or adverbials in sentences characterized by subject-predicate structure.Thus topic-prominence is substituted by subject-prominence.This is domestication on the syntactic and typological levels.The source text and the target text reflect the typological features of Chinese and English respectively.

关 键 词：《论语》 话题句 语言类型 话题突出 主语突出 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]