单身女性社会性冻卵的伦理学思考  

Ethical Considerations on Social Egg Freezing for Single Women

作　　者：高德荣 石旭雯[1] GAO Derong;SHI Xuwen(College of Medical Humanities,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学医学人文学院,天津300070

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2023年第3期288-292,共5页Chinese Medical Ethics

摘　　要：中国首例“单身女性冻卵案”发生以来,引发社会各界不同的讨论和思考。通过对生命伦理四原则的伦理分析为单身女性冻卵寻找到合理的伦理基础,即从有利原则来看,冻卵可以暂时保存女性生育能力,有利于女性更好地实现自身的个人价值与社会价值;从不伤害原则来看,不伤害具有相对性,冻卵技术带来的伤害是在可以接受和被允许的范围内;从公正原则来看,男性可以冻精,女性冻卵却有诸多限制,是否存在性别歧视;从尊重自主原则来看,是否选择冻卵,是女性自主权利的一种体现,应该被尊重。并对允许冻卵后所带来的伦理与法律问题,尝试性从法律角度、医学伦理委员会的职责以及道德层面等提出相应的解决办法。Since the occurrence of the first case of “egg freezing for single women” in China, it has aroused different discussions and thoughts from all walks of life. Through the ethical analysis of the four principles of bioethics, this paper found a reasonable ethical basis for single women’s egg freezing. From the perspective of favorable principle, egg freezing could temporarily preserve women’s fertility, which is conducive to women’s better realization of their own personal value and social values. From the perspective of no harm principle, no harm is relative, and the harm brought by egg freezing technology is within the acceptable and permissible range. From the perspective of justice principle, whether there is gender discriminatory in that men could freeze their sperm but women have many restrictions on egg freezing. From the principle of respect for autonomy, whether to choose egg freezing is a manifestation of women’s autonomy rights, which should be respected. This paper tried to propose corresponding solutions to the ethical and legal issues caused by the permission of egg freezing from the legal perspective, the medical ethics committee’s responsibilities, and the ethical level.

关 键 词：单身女性 社会性冻卵 生育力保存 生命伦理学原则 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]