青海柴达木盆地盐湖资源元素利用及研究现状  

Utilization and Research Status of Salt Lake Resources in Qaidam Basin, Qinghai

作　　者：白燕祥 王松博 国爽 唐魁 常安正 张蕾 杜威 唐娜 BAI Yan-xiang;WANG Song-bo;GUO Shuang;TANG Kui;CHANG An-zheng;ZHANG Lei;DU Wei;TANG Na(College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Ecological Utilization of Resources,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学化工与材料学院,天津市卤水化工与资源生态化利用重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《盐科学与化工》2023年第3期1-6,19,共7页Journal of Salt Science and Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U20A20148);国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2904005);中央引导地方科技发展专项(21ZYQCSY00050);营口科技发展计划(2020103)。

摘　　要：随着锂电池等战略新兴产业的发展,盐湖资源对国民经济的意义日益显现,柴达木盆地盐湖数量多、分布广、类型全、资源丰富,是我国自然资源的重要组成部分。特别是盐湖卤水中钾、锂、硼、镁等资源元素含量丰富,近年来受到广泛关注。文章总结了柴达木盆地盐湖资源元素的利用现状,列举了柴达木盆地盐湖如东台吉乃尔盐湖、西台吉乃尔盐湖、察尔汗盐湖、一里坪盐湖资源元素开发利用工艺,分析了各盐湖资源元素利用特点及现状。柴达木盆地盐湖大都属于高镁锂比盐湖,盐田系统资源元素的采收率低、损耗高,已成为制约盐湖企业产能提高和资源可持续利用的瓶颈问题,如何更有效地从盐湖卤水中提取资源元素,依旧是个技术性难题。With the development of strategic emerging industries such as lithium batteries, the significance of salt lake resources to the national economy has become increasingly apparent, and the salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin are numerous, widely distributed, complete in type and rich in resources, which is an important part of China’s natural resources. In particular, salt lake brine is rich in potassium, lithium, boron, magnesium and other resource elements, which has received extensive attention in recent years. This article summarized the utilization status of salt lake resource elements in Qaidam Basin, lists the development and utilization technology of resource elements in Qaidam Basin salt lakes such as East Jiner Salt Lake, West Tai Jiner Salt Lake, Qarhan Salt Lake and Yiliping Salt Lake, and analyzes the characteristics and status of resource element utilization of each salt lake. Most of the salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin belong to salt lakes with high magnesium-to-lithium ratio, and the low recovery rate and high loss of resource elements in the salt field system have become a bottleneck problem restricting the capacity improvement of salt lake enterprises and the sustainable use of resources, and how to extract resource elements from salt lake brine more effectively is still a technical problem.

关 键 词：柴达木盐湖 盐湖资源元素 盐湖卤水 高镁锂比 

分 类 号：TS396[轻工技术与工程]