拐卖妇女罪中涉正当防卫案件裁判规则研究  

Study on the Judgment Rules of Cases Involving Justifiable Defense in the Crime of Abducting and Trafficking Women

作　　者：姜保忠 来宇 Jiang Baozhong;Lai Yu(School of criminal justice,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学刑事司法学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2023年第2期104-113,共10页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2020年最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“正当防卫的刑事政策与法律适用研究”(项目编号:GJ2020C35)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在拐卖妇女犯罪中,正当防卫是被拐卖妇女保护自身权利的最后武器。依法认定被拐卖妇女的正当防卫行为,是严厉打击拐卖妇女犯罪的必然要求。当前,司法机关针对被拐卖妇女正当防卫的裁判规则包括:需有阻碍被拐卖妇女逃脱的行为才可以作为防卫起因;阻碍逃脱的现实危险解除时防卫时间终止;不具有严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪时不适用特殊防卫。现有裁判规则在保障被拐卖妇女权利方面存在不足之处,为贯彻“法不能向不法让步”的法治精神,落实正当防卫的刑事政策,裁判规则应当在以下方面进行补充完善:非法拘禁可以作为防卫起因;防卫时间判断应立足被拐卖妇女具体情境;防卫限度判断应考虑被拐卖妇女受到进一步侵害的现实可能性;防卫过当裁量应充分考虑对人格尊严等精神权利的侵害性质。In the crime of abducting and trafficking women, justifiable defense is the last weapon of abducted or trafficked women to protect their rights.Recognizing the justifiable defense act of abducted or trafficked women according to law is an inevitable requirement for severely cracking down on the crime of abducting and trafficking women.At present, the judicial authorities’ judgment rules for the justifiable defense of abducted or trafficked women include: only the behaviors that prevent the abducted or trafficked women from escaping can be considered as the cause of defense;the defense time terminates when the actual danger of obstructing the escape is removed;no special defense is applicable to violent crimes that do not seriously endanger personal safety.The existing judgment rules have some shortcomings in protecting the rights of abducted or trafficked women.In order to carry out the spirit of the rule of law that “law cannot yield to wronglessness” and implement the criminal policy of justifiable defense, the judgment rules should be supplemented and improved in the following aspects: the illegal detention can be used as the cause of defense;the judgment of defense time should be based on the specific situation of abducted or trafficked women;the judgment of the defense limit should consider the realistic possibility of further assault on the abducted or trafficked women;excessive defense discretion should fully consider the nature of the infringement on spiritual rights such as personal dignity.

关 键 词：拐卖妇女罪 正当防卫 类案检索 裁判规则 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]