契约还是契据:中国传统田宅买卖契约性质探析  

Contract or Deed:Discussion on the Nature of Chinese Traditional Land and House Sale Contract

作　　者：刘海波 Liu Haibo

机构地区：[1]山西大学

出　　处：《南大法学》2023年第2期118-127,共10页NanJing University Law Journal

摘　　要：传统中国田宅买卖契约是单契,是卖方向买方出具的承诺书或保证书。单契与合同契在形制和内容上有着很大的差别,当然它更非现代民法学意义上的合同。传统中国未建立起旨在保护私权的不动产登记制度,因此田宅买卖契约就担负起了作为田宅等不动产权利凭证的任务。中国传统田宅买卖契约具有物权的性质,在田宅买卖中需要交付田契来完成物权的变动。由此,中国传统田宅买卖契约称为契证或契据也许更为妥当。The traditional contract of buying and selling land and house in China is a single contract,which is a letter of commitment or guarantee issued by the seller to the buyer.There is a great difference between the single contract and the contract in form and content.Of course,it is not a contract in the sense of modern civil law.Traditional China has not established a real estate registration system aimed at protecting private rights,so the land deed has taken on the task of being the right certificate of real estate such as land house.Chinese traditional land deed has the nature of real right,and it is necessary to deliver the land deed to complete the change of real right in the sale of land and house.Therefore,it may be more appropriate for Chinese traditional land and house sales contract to be called deed.

关 键 词：田宅买卖 契约 契据 物权变动 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]