宅基地农户资格权的权能配置与制度供给  

Power allocation and system supply of farmer′s qualification right of homesteads

作　　者：王艳西 WANG Yanxi(School of Marxism,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学马克思主义学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期95-103,共9页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：四川省社会科学规划项目(SC22C075);成都理工大学哲学社会科学研究基金资助项目(YJ2021-QN021);四川省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地西部生态文明研究中心年度项目(XBST2021-ZC004)。

摘　　要：宅基地农户资格权是为保障农户居住需求而创设的一种特殊的人役权,其权利内核在于集体经济组织成员有权向集体经济组织申请无偿分配一定面积和质量的宅基地以满足住宅修建需要,或享受由农村集体经济组织主导的多种形式的“户有所居”。从宅基地利用实践出发,宅基地农户资格权应包含宅基地分配请求权、居住保障权、监督管理权、维持权、救济权等权能。对于宅基地农户资格权,应确立其法律地位,并构建相应的实现机制,具体包括以“老人老办法,新人新办法”为特点的取得机制、以“户有所居”为目标的多样化实现机制,以及针对返乡农户的农户资格权恢复机制。Farmer′s qualification right of homestead is a kind of special personal servitude created to protect the residential demand of farmers. The core of the right lies in that the members of the collective economic organization have the right to apply for free allocation of a certain area and quality of homesteads to meet the needs of building houses or enjoy various forms of "home ownership" ominated by rural collective economic organizations. In terms of the practice of homestead utilization, farmer′s qualification right of homestead should include the right to request for homestead allocation, the right of housing security, the right of supervision and management, the right to maintain homestead and the right of relief. As a newly created right, the legal status of farmer′s qualification right of homesteads must be established by improving relevant laws. In addition, it is necessary to construct specific realization mechanisms, including the acquisition mechanism characterized by "old ways for old people, new ways for new people", the diversified realization mechanism with the goal of "home ownership" and the restoration mechanism of farmer′s qualification right for farming returnees.

关 键 词：宅基地 农户资格权 人役权 制度供给 

分 类 号：DF5[政治法律—民商法学] F301.11[政治法律—法学]