小学低年级儿童的阅读发展轨迹:早期语言认知技能的预测作用  

The Developmental Trajectories of Reading Abilities in Chinese Lower Graders and the Predictability of Early Reading-related Cognitive Skills

作　　者：张玉平 董琼[2] 宋爽[3] 舒华[4] ZHANG Yuping;DONG Qiong;SONG Shuang;SHU Hua(School of Psychology,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500;School of Philosophy,Anhui University,Hefei 230039;College of Teacher Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院心理学院,成都610500 [2]安徽大学哲学学院,合肥230039 [3]首都师范大学教师教育学院,北京100048 [4]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2023年第2期210-218,共9页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BYY107)。

摘　　要：以264名汉语儿童为研究对象,追踪其从学前到学龄低段的语言认知技能和阅读能力的发展,通过多层线性模型探索儿童小学1~3年级阅读准确性和阅读流畅性的发展轨迹,以及4岁时的语音意识、命名速度和语素意识对上述两项阅读能力的预测作用。结果发现:(1)阅读准确性在小学1~3年级呈线性增长模式,起始水平存在显著的个体差异,且个体差异逐渐扩大;4岁时的语音意识和命名速度均能预测儿童阅读准确性的起始水平,仅语素意识能预测阅读准确性的发展速度;(2)阅读流畅性在小学1~3年级呈线性增长模式,起始水平和增长速度均存在显著的个体差异,且个体差异逐渐扩大;4岁时的语音意识和命名速度均能预测儿童阅读流畅性的起始水平,仅命名速度能预测阅读流畅性的发展速度。The present study followed a group of 264 typical developing children to explore their developmental trajectories on both reading accuracy and reading fluency from grade 1 to grade 3 and the predicting effects of kindergarten reading-related cognitive skills(phonological awareness,rapid naming,and morphological awareness).Results from Hierarchical Linear Modeling showed:(1) reading accuracy showed a linear growth trend and individual differences among children significantly increases from grade 1 to grade 3.Phonological awareness and naming speed at age 4 significantly predicted initial performance of reading accuracy,and only morphological awareness positively predicted its developmental speed;(2) Reading fluency also showed a linear growth trend,with individual differences significantly increases from grade 1 to grade 3.Phonological awareness and rapid naming at age 4 both significantly predicted initial performance of reading fluency,but only rapid naming significantly predict its developmental speed.

关 键 词：阅读能力 早期语言认知技能 汉语儿童 追踪研究 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]