黄土丘陵沟壑区现代沟道农业及其可持续发展  

Modern gully agriculture and its sustainable development in the loess hilly and gully region

作　　者：黄云鑫 刘彦随[1,2,3] 刘正佳 Huang Yunxin;Liu Yansui;Liu Zhengjia(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,Chinese Academy Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《地理科学》2023年第1期130-141,共12页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41931293)资助。

摘　　要：现代沟道农业是黄土丘陵沟壑区人地耦合发展形成的一种新兴农业地域类型,其可持续发展对于区域农业高质量发展、“三生”空间优化和乡村振兴具有重大现实意义。从人地系统科学认知出发,对现代沟道农业的内涵、可持续发展方向、典型发展模式和保障体系进行了探讨,并进行了相关研究展望,为系统认识黄土丘陵沟壑区沟道农业模式,推进农业可持续发展提供了理论参考。主要结论:①沟道农业是乡村地域系统的重要功能类型,具有多尺度、多层次的特点,其可持续发展应从微观、中观和宏观3个层面,协同解决土壤生态系统、农田生态系统和农业地域系统的可持续发展问题。②保障粮食安全和生态安全,积极推进农业结构调整,发展多功能农业,通过“3C”模式,即农业自身内循环、农业外循环、基于农业多功能的农业大循环,实现生产结构优化、产业链条延伸和城乡功能互补。③创新推广土地综合整治带动模式、农业结构调整带动模式、特色资源综合开发模式和土地流转规模生产模式,有助于农业提质增效和农业高质量发展。④拓展地理学与其他学科的交叉研究,深化“理论−实践”贯通式研究,探索建立涵盖技术研发与应用、人才培养、政策制度支撑等内容于一体的农业生产保障体系,全面提升沟道农业资源利用效率和综合生产效益,推动沟道农业现代化。Modern gully agriculture is a new regional type of agriculture developed in the process of man-land coupling in the loess hilly and gully legion.Its sustainable development has great practical significance for the high-quality development of regional agriculture,optimization of"production-living-ecological"space and rural revitalization.Based on the cognition of human-earth system science,the connotation,sustainable development direction,typical development patterns and guarantee system of modern gully agriculture were discussed,and relevant research prospects were proposed.This paper also provides a theoretical reference for systematically understanding the patterns of gully agriculture and promoting its sustainable development in loess hilly and gully region.The conclusions are as follows:1)Gully agriculture is an important functional type of rural regional system,which has the characteristics of multi-scale and multi-level.Thus,the sustainable development of gully agriculture should focus on micro,meso and macro scales to realize the sustainable development of soil ecosystem,farmland ecosystem and agricultural regional system synergistically.2)On the premise of ensuring food security and ecological security,adjustment of agricultural structure should be actively promoted to develop multifunctional agriculture.Through the"3C"model,namely,the internal circulation of agriculture itself,external circulation of agriculture and the big circulation of agriculture based on agricultural multifunction,it helps to realize the optimization of the production structure,the extension of the industrial chain and the complementarity of urban and rural functions,which can promote the development of rural economy and urban-rural integration.3)Innovation and promotion of the driving patterns such as comprehensive land consolidation pattern,agricultural structure adjustment pattern,comprehensive development of characteristic resources pattern and land transfer scale production pattern can help to improve the efficiency and quality

关 键 词：沟道农业 人地系统科学 农业地域类型 农业发展模式 农业地理工程 黄土丘陵沟壑区 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]