以汉语为母语的学前听障儿童与健听儿童的视听言语知觉反应研究  

A Study on the Audiovisual Speech Perceptions of Preschool Hearing-impaired Children and Preschool Normal Hearing Children of Native Chinese

作　　者：周爱然 林海英 陶仁霞 刘巧云 Zhou Airan;Lin Haiying;Tao Renxia;Liu Qiaoyun(Department of Rehabilitation Science,Ministry of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部康复科学系,智能教育研究院,上海200062 [2]上海市特殊儿童康复中心 [3]联影微电子科技有限公司

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2023年第2期143-147,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

摘　　要：目的探讨学前听障儿童与健听儿童的视听言语知觉反应,以及不同辅听模式的听障儿童的视听言语知觉反应。方法以汉语为母语的4~7岁学龄前健听儿童40例和听障儿童37例(双模式11例,双侧人工耳蜗植入12例,22例佩戴助听器14例)为研究对象,采用经典的McGurk研究范式的实验材料对两组儿童分别在纯听、视听一致、视听不一致三种条件下进行视听言语知觉反应测试,要求被试报告自己听到的声音,比较两组结果。结果(1)两类儿童在单音节的辨识中都受到了视觉信息的影响,但听障儿童受视觉信息的影响显著大于健听儿童(P<0.001);(2)在单音节识别中,双侧佩戴助听器的听障儿童的言语辨识正确率低于双侧人工耳蜗植入的听障儿童(P<0.05);(3)McGurk效应在以汉语为母语的学龄前儿童中普遍存在。结论不论是听障儿童和还是健听儿童,在视听双通道条件下,视听言语知觉反应都会受到视觉信息的影响。Objective To study the audiovisual speech perception responses of hearing-impaired children and normal hearing children,as well as the audiovisual speech perception responses of hearing-impaired children who use different types of hearing amplificatioru Methods A total of 40 normal hearing children and 37 hearing-impaired children aged 4〜7 were enrolled as the research subjects.The experimental materials of the classic McGurk research paradigm were used to evaluate the audiovisual speech perception responses of preschool children whose mother tongue was Chinese.All subjects were tested under the three conditions of pure listening,consistent audiovisual?and inconsistent audio-visual,and the subjects were required to report what they heard.Results①The children in both groups were affected by visual information in the recognition of single syllables,but the hearing-impaired children were significantly more affected by visual information than normal hearing children(PVO.001).②In the recognition of single syllables,the speech recognition rate of hearing-impaired children with bilateral hearing aids was lower than that of hearing-impaired children with bilateral cochlear implants(FVO.05).③The McGurk effect was common in preschool children whose mother tongue was Chinese.Conclusion Speech recognition of hearing-impaired children and normal hearing children are affected by visual information under the condition of dual audio-visual channels.

关 键 词：视听言语感知 McGurk效应 听障儿童 健听儿童 

分 类 号：H018.4[语言文字—语言学]