论道德焦虑及其消解  

On Moral Anxiety and Its Resolutions

作　　者：晏辉 Yan Hui(College of Philosophy,Law&Political Science,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学与法政学院

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2023年第2期2-10,共9页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“当代中国道德观念史与道德实践史研究”(项目号:20&ZD038)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：道德焦虑属于生存焦虑结构中的心理—精神层次,它虽基于生存困境但却是指向具有善恶性质的人和事,道德焦虑的主体是具有理智德性和道德德性的行动者。一个拥有健康而完善道德人格的人,会形成对社会道德状况的感受性、敏感性、选择性、接受性和回应性,虽然道德焦虑是道德情感的反向表达,但它的作用却是积极而健康的。就拥有健全道德人格的行动者来说,其道德焦虑的原始发生源自于自我认知和自我感知着的道德冲突;而就道德冲突的存续形式来说,有内在的和外在的两种。在中国式现代化运动中,道德焦虑则是指向终极之善的道德劝告、谴责和批判,是对背离历史声音和民众心声的观念和行为的道德矫正。消解道德焦虑的根本道路在于重建更能体现和实现终极之善的观念、制度和行动。Moral anxiety pertains to the psycho-spiritual level in the structure of existential anxiety,which is based on existential predicament but refers to people and things with good and bad qualities.The subject of moral anxiety is an agent with intellectual and moral virtues.A person with sound and excellent morality can develop susceptibility,sensitivity,selectivity,receptivity,and responsiveness to the moral situation of society.Although moral anxiety is the reverse expression of moral sentiments,its effects are positive and healthy.For agents with sound moral personalities,the original occurrence of moral anxiety is from one’s self-awareness and self-perception of moral conflicts in internal and external forms.In the context of Chinese modernization,moral anxiety pertains to moral exhortation,condemnation and criticism directed to the ultimate good,as well as moral correction to the conceptions and behaviors that deviate from the record of history and the voice of the people.The fundamental solution to moral anxieties lies in rebuilding conceptions,institutions,and actions that can better express and achieve the ultimate good.

关 键 词：生存焦虑 道德焦虑 历史场域 重建观念 完善制度 

分 类 号：B82-02[哲学宗教—伦理学]