外源海藻糖影响赤霞珠幼苗抗寒性的生理生化作用  

Physiological and biochemical mechanism of the effect of exogenous trehalose on cold resistance in Cabernet Sauvignon seedlings

作　　者：崔莹 吴洁萍 张俊霞 郝新意 徐伟荣[2,3,4] CUI Ying;WU Jieping;ZHANG Junxia;HAO Xinyi;XUWeirong(College of Agronomy,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;School of Food&Wine,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding of Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学食品与葡萄酒学院,银川750021 [3]葡萄与葡萄酒教育部工程研究中心,银川750021 [4]宁夏优势特色作物现代分子育种重点实验室,银川750021

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第3期505-515,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860542);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002500)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究外源海藻糖影响葡萄抗寒性的生理机制。【方法】以赤霞珠幼苗为试验材料,分别以不同浓度海藻糖(10,15,30 mmol·L^(-1))喷施叶片,以清水处理为对照,人工模拟“倒春寒”条件(从16℃降到-3℃±0.5℃,并保持4 h),分析低温胁迫下海藻糖对葡萄幼苗叶片生长的表型、抗氧化酶活性、细胞膜稳定性、糖(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)含量与内源激素(ABA、IAA、GA_(3)和t ZR)含量的影响。【结果】叶面喷施适宜浓度的海藻糖可有效缓解低温对赤霞珠幼苗的伤害,并存在一定的浓度效应。随着低温胁迫时间延长,与清水对照相比,15 mmol·L^(-1)海藻糖处理的植株幼苗未出现植株萎蔫和叶片冻斑现象,存活率上升了60.52%。在“倒春寒”胁迫处理后(-3℃4 h),15 mmol·L^(-1)海藻糖处理减少了活性氧(ROS)的产生,过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))与超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(·-))含量分别降低了23.82%和6.21%;CAT与POD活性分别提高了221.73%与54.53%,而SOD活性无显著差异;ABA、GA_(3)和tZR的含量分别提高了701.21%、127.66%与80.03%,对照组中IAA含量未检测到,而处理组中IAA含量(w)为0.94 ng·g^(-1);葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖的含量分别提高了11.20%、12.56%与68.53%。【结论】叶面喷施适宜浓度海藻糖可有效提高葡萄幼苗的抗低温能力,通过增强根系抗氧化酶活性,减轻膜损伤,进而缓解低温胁迫对幼苗生长的抑制,且15 mmol·L^(-1)的海藻糖溶液叶面喷施处理效果最佳,而30 mmol·L^(-1)海藻糖处理会加重低温胁迫对葡萄幼苗的伤害,表明叶面喷施海藻糖可以缓解“倒春寒”对葡萄幼苗产生的危害,且存在浓度效应。【Objective】Grapes(Vitis L.)are one of the most commercially significant fruit crops in the world,but they have low cold tolerance and are often damaged by late frost,which has a significant impact on their production and economic value.In recent years,trehalose,a non-reducing disaccharide,has been reported to improve the cold resistance in numerous crops;however,the physiological mechanism underlying its ability to mitigate the negative effects of low temperature stress on the growth and development of grape seedlings remains unclear.In order to overcome the problem of late frost damage in wine grapes,the present study used foliar spraying of different concentrations of trehalose to examine the physiological effects of trehalose on seedlings of Cabernet Sauvignon under an artificially simulated late spring cold spell.This research intends to provide reference for the use of trehalose in wine grapes to alleviate the damage from late frost damage.【Methods】The tested material was Cabernet Sauvignon seedlings,and the leaves were sprayed with different doses of trehalose(10,15,and 30 mmol·L^(-1))over three consecutive days,with water spraying serving as the control.The treated seedlings were then placed in a low-temperature incubator to simulate a cold spell that occurs in the late spring,where temperatures were programmed to decrease from 16℃ to(-3±0.5)℃ at a rate of 1℃·h^(-1) and maintained at(-3±0.5)℃ for 4 h.The leaves were collected at temperatures of 16℃,4℃ and 0℃,and at -3℃ for 0 h and 4 h.The samples were flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen and kept at -80℃ in a freezer.During the period of cold stress treatment,trehalose treatment caused phenotypic alterations were recorded.In addition,several physiological indices related to cold stress response,such as antioxidant enzyme activity,cell membrane integrity,and sugar(glucose,fructose,and sucrose)contents were compared between the trehalose-treated groups and the control under the simulated“late spring cold spell”conditions.In addit

关 键 词：赤霞珠 海藻糖 “倒春寒” 生理指标 内源激素 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]