我国侦查地域管辖制度的反思与重构  

The Reflection and Reconstruction of the Investigation Territorial Jurisdiction System in China

作　　者：林雪标 Lin Xuebiao(School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,P.R.China;School of Law,Fujian Jiangxia University,Fuzhou 350001,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院 [2]福建江夏学院法学院,福州350001

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期153-163,共11页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：我国刑事诉讼法对侦查地域管辖的规定付之阙如,相关内容主要体现在“两高”的司法解释和公安部的程序操作规则之中。学界普遍认为,侦查地域管辖可以也应当通过审判地域管辖逆推而得,现有法律条文也同样秉持逆推的理念和做法。然而,这种逆推模式无论在理论层面还是实践层面都存在一定的缺陷,有必要予以反思并重构侦查地域管辖制度。侦查地域管辖制度的重构涉及效率导向、立法模式选择以及管辖连接点设置等多维面向。同时,对于侦查地域管辖制度重构可能引发的异地侦查成本提高、侦诉审衔接不畅及“择地而诉”等风险,需要运用侦查协作和侦查一体化等机制、强化侦诉审三方协调以及深化“以审判为中心”诉讼制度改革来加以化解。As the premise and foundation of criminal procedure, jurisdiction is an important issue in the criminal procedure system. The provisions on the jurisdiction in the Criminal Procedure Law of China mainly focus on trial jurisdiction, while the provisions on territorial jurisdiction of the investigation are lacking except for those relevant contents mainly found in the judicial interpretations of “the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate” and the procedural operation rules of the Ministry of Public Security. Academia generally believe that territorial jurisdiction of the investigation can be derived from the trial territorial jurisdiction and it should be done. The existing legal provisions also adhere to the concept and practice of reverse inference.However, the reverse inference model has certain defects both in theory and in practice, which leads to the imbalance of the litigation structure of “investigation, prosecution and trial” in China and the conflict of the division of labor among three litigation subjects, i. e. Public Security Organs, Procuratorial Organs, and People’s Courts, leading to redo the litigation process and waste huge amount of litigation resources. Therefore, it is necessary to reflect on and reconstruct the territorial jurisdiction system of investigation. The reconstruction of the territorial jurisdiction system of investigation involves multi-dimensional aspects, such as efficiency orientation, choice of legislative mode, and establishment of jurisdictional connection point. The investigation organ needs human resource, material, and financial costs to exercise its power to punish crimes. If the investigation is not timely, numerous pieces of evidence could be destroyed, perished or forged, and the suspects may commit suicide, escape or collude with others. This determines that the construction of the territorial jurisdiction system of investigation should follow the guidance of efficiency to ensure intime investigation procedures. On the efficiency-

关 键 词：侦查地域管辖 逆推模式 犯罪信息最初知悉地 制度重构 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] D924.3[政治法律—法学] D631.2