中国特色应对气候变化政策体系的评估与展望——中国《第四次气候变化国家评估报告·第四部分》解读  

Progress,achievements,and future prospects of China’s policies and actions tackling climate change:an interpretation of Part 4 of China’s Fourth National Assessment Report on Climate Change

作　　者：范英[1,2] 莫建雷 FAN Ying;MO Jianlei(School of Economics&Management,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Laboratory for Low-carbon Intelligent Governance(LLIG),Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191 [2]北京航空航天大学低碳治理与政策智能教育部实验室,北京100191 [3]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2023年第1期93-99,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：科学技术部《第四次气候变化国家评估报告》编制工作专项(批准号:210YBXM2018108002)。

摘　　要：《第四次气候变化国家评估报告》第四部分为“应对气候变化的政策和行动”,这一部分全面总结梳理中国“十二五”中后期和“十三五”以来实施的一系列应对气候变化的政策和行动,并对政策的效果进行了深入系统评估。文章主要介绍报告第四部分内容的总体框架和主要特点,解读主要结论,并展望未来政策。总体来看,“十二五”中后期以来中国采取一系列应对气候变化的政策和行动,持续推进应对气候变化政策体系的建立完善,形成了规划目标引领、行政手段先行、市场机制跟进以及试点示范等具有鲜明中国特色的应对气候变化政策体系。在政策推动下,中国应对气候变化事业取得积极成效,提前完成了对外承诺的2020年减排目标,扭转了二氧化碳排放快速增长的局面。着眼于实现2030年前碳达峰以及2060年前实现碳中和的目标,中国未来需将应对气候变化纳入国家现代化建设总体目标和战略,制定和实施更有力度的气候政策,并付诸行动。The‘Policies and Actions to Address Climate Change’part of China’s Fourth National Assessment Report on Climate Change comprehensively summarizes the policies and actions implemented to tackle climate change during the middle and late stages of the 12th Five-Year Plan and the 13th Five-Year Plan,and makes an in-depth and systematic assessment of the effects of the policies.This paper mainly introduces the overall framework and main features of this part of the report,interprets its main conclusions,and pro⁃poses prospects for future policies.Since the middle and late stages of the 12th Five-Year Plan,China has adopted a series of policies and actions to tackle climate change,continued to promote the establishment and improvement of climate policies,and formed a policy system with distinctive Chinese characteristics involving the planning objectives,the administrative measures,the market-based poli⁃cies,the pilot and demonstration actions,etc.During this period,China made great achievements in tackling climate change,fulfilled the 2020 carbon emission reduction target in advance,and reversed the rapid growth of carbon dioxide emissions.To achieve the goal of reaching peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060,China needs to make climate change solutions a part of the overall goal and strategy for national modernization in the future,formulate and implement stronger climate policies,and put them into action.

关 键 词：气候变化 政策体系 政策评估 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]